Answer:
a
b
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The mass of the rock is 
The length of the small object from the rock is 
The length of the small object from the branch 
An image representing this lever set-up is shown on the first uploaded image
Here the small object acts as a fulcrum
The force exerted by the weight of the rock is mathematically evaluated as
substituting values
So at equilibrium the sum of the moment about the fulcrum is mathematically represented as
Here 
is very small so 
and 
Hence
=> 
substituting values
The mechanical advantage is mathematically evaluated as
substituting values
A concave mirror is opaque whereas a concave lens is transparent. ... Difference between concave mirror and concave lens is A concave mirror is opaque whereas a concave lens is transparent. A concave mirror causes reflection of light whereas a concave lens causes refraction of light.
Answer:
the principle of original horizontality and the principle of superposition
Explanation:
The <em>principle of horizontality</em> states that layers of sediment are originally deposited horizontally under the influence of gravity.
The <em>principle of superposition</em> states that the oldest layer layer is at the bottom and each layer above it is younger, with the youngest being at the top.
Unconformities help us find the age of different layers. An unconformity is a surface in which no new solid matter is deposited after a long geologic interval. <em>Angular unconformity </em>is a type of unconformity which different kinds of stratum were tilted or folded before deposition of younger layers of solid matter above the unconformity. Once the layers were folded and tilted, the older layers of the solid matter eroded, then the younger layers were deposited on the older layers. There <em>angular unconformity </em>is the contact between young and old layers of solid matter.
Therefore, these two principles therefore describe how the tilted layers are older than horizontal layers.
