Answer:
6
Explanation:
This atom is sulfur (if the electrons are equal to the protons/not an ion). You can tell the number of valence electrons by looking at the individual shell. The first shell (1s) can only hold 2 electrons. The second shell (2s and 2p) can hold 8 electrons. The third shell (3s and 3p), which is the valence shell, only has 6 out of its possible 8 electrons, so this atom has 6 valence electrons.
The true answer is: It's conserved because the total number of H atoms on each side is 12.
the first two answer is wrong because it's conserved not as mentioned, It's not conserved.
and the last one also wrong because the total number of O atoms are equal at the two sides but not equal 2.
9 g of hydrogen - 42 g of nitrogen
5 g of hydrogen - x g of nitrogen

The mass of nitrogen in the second sample is 23.33 g.
I would assume so.
Given

, we can simplify the fraction to

Both would obtain the same proportions, so I don't see why putting a half cup of sugar would make things any different.
Hope this is the answer you are looking for.