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Evgen [1.6K]
3 years ago
5

The trend for ionization energy is a general increase from left to right across a period. However, magnesium (Mg) is found to ha

ve a higher first ionization energy value than aluminum (Al). Explain this exception to the general trend in terms of electron arrangements and attraction/repulsion
Chemistry
1 answer:
Advocard [28]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

Explanation:

The noticeable exception in the trends of ionization energy of Mg and Al can best be explained using the arrangements of the electrons in the sub-levels.

Mg with 12 electrons has an electronic configuration of 2,8,2 = 1S²2S²2P⁶3S²

Al with 13 electrons has an electronic configuration of 2,8,3 = 1S²2S²2P⁶3S²3P¹

Lets take a little peep into what ionization energy is.

Ionization energy is a measure of the readiness of an atom to lose electron. The amount of energy needed to remove an electron is called the ionization energy. In this regard, the first ionization energy is the energy need to remove the valence or the most loosely held electron in an atom.

The magnitude of the ionization energy depends on a number of factors. The most important to our discuss here are:

  • Nuclear charge
  • Atomic radius
  • Sublevel accomodating the electron to be removed
  • Special stability of filled or half-filled sublevels.

The arrangement of electrons in Mg confers a special stability on it because of the filled sublevel.

The maximum number of electrons in each sub-levels are:

s-orbital = 2 electrons

p- orbital = 6 electrons

d - orbital = 10 electrons

f - orbital = 14 electrons

In Mg, 1S²2S²2P⁶3S² , the outermost s-sublevel have 2 electrons and s-orbital can accomodate a maximum of 2 electrons in this subshell. This makes the arrangement stable.

For Al, 1S²2S²2P⁶3S²3P¹,  the outermost p-subshell houses just one electron but it can accommodate a maximum of 6 electrons. This arrangement is unstable.

Due to this electron arrangements, Mg would have a very stable configuration and a greater first ionization energy compared to Al.

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Miranda gets a small cut on her thumb after she breaks a beaker, and she begins to look around for the lab first aid kit.
sleet_krkn [62]

Answer:

She should have first notified the teacher.

3 0
2 years ago
What is the empirical formula for a compound that contains 1.18 mol na, 1.18 mol n, and 3.53 mol o?
nikitadnepr [17]
Answer is: NaNO₃.
n(Na) = 1,18mol.
n(N) = 1,18mol.
n(O) = 3,53mol.
n(Na) : n(N) : n(O) = 1,18mol : 1,18mol : 3,53mol / ÷1,18
n(Na) : n(N) : n(O) = 1 : 1 : 3.
Empirical formula is NaNO₃ (sodium-nitrate).
Empirical formula<span> of </span>compound<span> is the simplest </span>ratio<span> of </span>atoms<span> present in a compound.</span>

6 0
3 years ago
Please help all of you are answering for points and it's not funny i need HELP!!!! show work
insens350 [35]

Answer:B

Explanation:because it will cause wind going around the earth and it will make thing turned around

6 0
2 years ago
How many liters of oxygen gas at 153 °C and 0.820 atm can be prepared by the
taurus [48]

Answer:

V =  11.51 L

Explanation:

Given data:

Volume of oxygen gas produced = ?

Pressure = 0.820 atm

Temperature = 153°C (153+273 = 426K)

Mass of KClO₃ = 22.4 g

Solution:

Chemical equation:

2KClO₃    →         2KCl  + 3 O₂

Number of moles of KClO₃:

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Number of moles =  22.4 g/  122.5 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.18 mol

now we will compare the moles of KClO₃  and O₂

                       KClO₃           :              O₂

                           2               :               3

                         0.18             :             3/2×0.18 = 0.27

Volume of oxygen:

PV = nRT

R = general gas constant (0.0821 atm.L/mol.K)

0.820 atm× V = 0.27 mol × 0.0821 atm.L/mol.K ×426 K

V = 9.44 atm.L / 0.820 atm

V =  11.51 L

3 0
3 years ago
A sample of he gas and o2 have the same temperature, pressure, and volume. Which gas has a greater number of collisions of gas m
allochka39001 [22]

If a sample of He gas and O₂ have the same temperature, pressure, and volume then He gas will have more collisions.

This is because the He gas has less molecular mass then the oxygen gas and hence it can move more easily than oxygen thus will collide more with the walls of the container while being on the same temperature, pressure and volume as the oxygen gas. because of its low molecular mass it moves with the high average velocity than the oxygen gas and hence  the rate of its collision with the walls of the container ins more.

Thus the He gas will have more number of collisions then the Oxygen gas while having same temperature, pressure and volume.

To learn more about collisions visit the link:

brainly.com/question/24101281?referrer=searchResults

#SPJ4

5 0
1 year ago
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