Compounds X and Y are both C6H13Cl compounds formed in the radical chlorination of 3-methylpentane. Both X and Y undergo base-pr
omoted E2 elimination to give a mixture of alkenes.In water X and Y each react to form a mixture of substitution and elimination products; however, X reacts much faster than does Y.What is the structure of Y?
1 answer:
Answer:
Y is a 3-chloro-3-methylpentane.
The structure is shown in the figure attached.
Explanation:
The radical chlorination of 3-methylpentane can lead to a tertiary substituted carbon (Y) and to a secondary one (X).
The E2 elimination mechanism, as shown in the figure, will happen with a simulyaneous attack from the base and elimination of the chlorine. This means that primary and secondary substracts undergo the E2 mechanism faster than tertiary substracts.
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(1) The quantity of heat required to melt 175 g Cu is 35.88 kJ.
(2) The substance that releases 21.2 kJ of energy when 1.42 mol of it freezes is iron.
<h3>What is heat of fusion?</h3>Heat of fusion is the energy required to melt 1 mole of a substance.
<h3>What is heat of vaporization?</h3>The heat energy required to vaporize 1 mole of a substance has been heat of vaporization.
Heat of fusion of copper (Cu) is given as 13 kJ/mol
Number of moles of 175 g of copper = 175/63.5 = 2.76 moles
Q = nΔH
Q = 2.76 mol x 13 kJ/mol = 35.88 kJ
Thus, the quantity of heat required to melt 175 g Cu is 35.88 kJ.
<h3>Heat of fusion of the substance</h3>ΔH(fus) = Q/n
where;
- n is number of moles
- Q is quantity of heat released
ΔH(fus) = 21.2 kJ / 1.42 mol
ΔH(fus) = 14.93 kJ/mol
From the table the substance with latent heat of fusion of 14.9 kJ/mol is iron.
Thus, the substance that releases 21.2 kJ of energy when 1.42 mol of it freezes is iron.
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