Fluid originally flows through a tube at a rate of 100 cm³/s. To illustrate the sensitivity of flow rate to various factors, cal
culate the new flow rate for the following changes with all other factors remaining the same as in the original conditions. (a) Pressure difference increases by a factor of 1.50. (b) A new fluid with 3.00 times greater viscosity is substituted. (c) The tube is replaced by one having 4.00 times the length. (d) Another tube is used with a radius 0.100 times the original. (e) Yet another tube is substituted with a radius 0.100 times the original and half the length, and the pressure difference is increased by a factor of 1.50.
Standard heat of formation is the heat change that deals with the formation of 1mole at standard rates and states of the given reactants . Standard heat of formation is the difference between the enthalpy change of reactants and products.
