Answer:
1. Watt stream engine
2. McCormick reaper
3. Fulton steamboat
These are the correct answers.
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We can set up an ICE table for the reaction:
HClO H+ ClO-
Initial 0.0375 0 0
Change -x +x +x
Equilibrium 0.0375-x x x
We calculate [H+] from Ka:
Ka = 3.0x10^-8 = [H+][ClO-]/[HClO] = (x)(x)/(0.0375-x)
Approximating that x is negligible compared to 0.0375 simplifies the equation to
3.0x10^-8 = (x)(x)/0.0375
3.0x10^-8 = x2/0.0375
x2 = (3.0x10^-8)(0.0375) = 1.125x10^-9
x = sqrt(1.125x10^-9) = 0.0000335 = 3.35x10^-5 = [H+]
in which 0.0000335 is indeed negligible compared to 0.0375.
We can now calculate pH:
pH = -log [H+] = - log (3.35 x 10^-5) = 4.47
Answer:
0.0432M
Explanation:
We begin by writing a balanced equation for the reaction. This is illustrated below:
NaOH + HCl —> NaCl + H2O
From the equation above,
The number of mole of the acid (nA) = 1
The number of mole of the base (nB) = 1
Data obtained from the question include:
Vb (volume of the base) = 54mL
Cb (concentration of the base) = 0.1M
Va (volume of the acid) = 125mL
Ca ( concentration of the acid) =?
Using CaVa/CbVb = nA/nB, the concentration of the acid can easily be obtained as shown below:
CaVa/CbVb = nA/nB
Ca x 125 / 0.1 x 54 = 1
Cross multiply to express in linear form:
Ca x 125 = 0.1 x 54
Divide both side by 125
Ca = (0.1 x 54) / 125
Ca = 0.0432M
Therefore, the concentration of the acid is 0.0432M
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