Answer:

Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
Plane strain fracture toughness of 
Y value 
Stress level of
Generally the equation for length of a surface crack is mathematically given by



Therefore
in mm

Answer:
Q = 62 ( since we are instructed not to include the units in the answer)
Explanation:
Given that:



Q = ???
Now the gas expands at constant pressure until its volume doubles
i.e if 
Using Charles Law; since pressure is constant




mass of He =number of moles of He × molecular weight of He
mass of He = 3 kg × 4
mass of He = 12 kg
mass of Ar =number of moles of Ar × molecular weight of Ar
mass of He = 7 kg × 40
mass of He = 280 kg
Now; the amount of Heat Q transferred = 
From gas table

∴ Q = 
Q = 
Q = 62 MJ
Q = 62 ( since we are instructed not to include the units in the answer)
Answer:
6.5 × 10¹⁵/ cm³
Explanation:
Thinking process:
The relation 
With the expression Ef - Ei = 0.36 × 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹
and ni = 1.5 × 10¹⁰
Temperature, T = 300 K
K = 1.38 × 10⁻²³
This generates N₀ = 1.654 × 10¹⁶ per cube
Now, there are 10¹⁶ per cubic centimeter
Hence, 
That due to the specific tasks that needs to be accomplished by each program to make an all encompassing program would be inefficient and full of bugs