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Fed [463]
3 years ago
5

According to Hess’s law, if a series of intermediate reactions are combined, the enthalpy change of the overall reaction is

Chemistry
2 answers:
sdas [7]3 years ago
4 0
I think the answer is B. the sum of the enthalpy changes of the intermidiate reactions
kolezko [41]3 years ago
4 0

Answer : The correct option is, the sum of the enthalpy changes of the intermediate reactions.

Explanation :

According to Hess’s law of constant heat summation, the heat absorbed or evolved in a given chemical equation is the same whether the process occurs in one step or several steps.

According to this law, the chemical equation can be treated as ordinary algebraic expression and can be added or subtracted to yield the required equation. That means the enthalpy change of the overall reaction is the sum of the enthalpy changes of the intermediate reactions.

For example :

The formation reaction of CO will be,

C(graphite)+\frac{1}{2}O_2(g)\rightarrow CO(g)    \Delta H_{formation}

The intermediate balanced chemical reaction will be,

(1) C(graphite)+\frac{1}{2}O_2(g)\rightarrow CO_2(g)    \Delta H_1

(2) CO+\frac{1}{2}O_2(g)\rightarrow CO_2(g)    \Delta H_2

The expression for enthalpy of formation of CO is,

\Delta H_{formation}=[n\times \Delta H_1]+[n\times \Delta H_2]

where,

n = number of moles

By adding reaction 1 and reverse reaction of reaction 2, we get the enthalpy of formation of CO.

Hence, the correct option is, the sum of the enthalpy changes of the intermediate reactions.

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171 g of sucrose ( MW of 342, melting point 186 oC, boiling point very high, and vapor pressure is negligible) is dissolved in o
Fantom [35]

The complete question is as follows: 171 g of sucrose ( MW of 342, melting point 186 oC, boiling point very high, and vapor pressure is negligible) is dissolved in one liter of water at 25 oC. At 25 oC the vapor pressure of water is 24 mmHg. Which value is closest to the vapor pressure (VP) of this solution at 25 oC?

a. 16mm Hg

b. 24mm Hg  

c. 20mm Hg  

d. 12mm Hg

Answer: The vapor pressure (VP) of this solution at 25^{o}C is closest to the value 24 mm Hg.

Explanation:

Given: Mass of sucrose = 171 g

Mass of water = 1 L = 1000 g

Vapor pressure of water = 24 mm Hg

As moles is the mass of substance divided by its molar mass. Hence, moles of water (molar mass = 18.02 g) is calculated as follows.

Moles = \frac{mass}{molar mass}\\= \frac{1000 g}{18.02 g/mol}\\= 55.49 mol

Similarly, moles of sucrose (molar mass = 342 g/mol) is as follows.

Moles = \frac{mass}{molar mass}\\= \frac{171 g}{342 g/mol}\\= 0.5 mol

Total moles = 55.49 + 0.5 mol = 55.99 mol

Mole fraction of water is as follows.

Mole fraction = \frac{moles of water}{total moles}\\= \frac{55.49}{55.99}\\= 0.99

Formula used to calculate vapor pressure of the solution is as follows.

P_{i} = P^{o}_{i} \times \chi_{i}

where,

P_{i} = vapor pressure of component i over the solution

P^{o}_{i} = vapor pressure of pure component i

\chi_{i} = mole fraction of i

Substitute the values into above formula to calculate vapor pressure of water as follows.

P_{i} = P^{o}_{i} \times \chi_{i}\\= 24 mm Hg \times 0.99\\= 23.76 \\or 24 mm Hg\\

Thus, we can conclude that the vapor pressure (VP) of this solution at 25^{o}C is closest to the value 24 mm Hg.

4 0
3 years ago
Question 6 the chemical formula ch2o can be classified as: empirical only. molecular only. empirical, possibly molecular. not en
frosja888 [35]
The chemical formula CH2O can be classified as Empirical formula and possibly a molecular formula. The empirical formula of a compound is the simplest formula that indicates the simplest ratio of atoms in the compound, while the molecular formula is the representation of the actual whole number ratio between the elements of the compound. 
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3 years ago
Air trapped in a cylinder fitted with a piston occupies 145 mL at 1.08 atm
pav-90 [236]

Answer: 0.0014 atm

Explanation:

Given that,

Original pressure of air (P1) = 1.08 atm

Original volume of air (T1) = 145mL

[Convert 145mL to liters

If 1000mL = 1l

145mL = 145/1000 = 0.145L]

New volume of air (V2) = 111L

New pressure of air (P2) = ?

Since pressure and volume are given while temperature is held constant, apply the formula for Boyle's law

P1V1 = P2V2

1.08 atm x 0.145L = P2 x 111L

0.1566 atm•L = 111L•P2

Divide both sides by 111L

0.1566 atm•L/111L = 111L•P2/111L

0.0014 atm = P2

Thus, the new pressure of air when the volume is decreased to 111 L is 0.0014 atm

7 0
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Which description applies to all of an element
lukranit [14]
An atom is the smallest you can get to identify the element.
8 0
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Which type of volcano forms when eruptions contain mostly dush ashes and cinders?
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Stratovolcanoes, or composite volcanoes, mostly erupt dust, ash, and cinders.
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