Answer:
Explanation:
Concepts and reason
This problem is based on the concept of hydrolysis of esters.
An ester is hydrolyzed to a carboxylic acid and an alcohol when treated with aqueous acid or aqueous base. Under alkaline conditions, the carboxylic acid is obtained in the form as its salt.
Fundamentals
Alkaline hydrolysis of ester is done with strong base {\\rm{NaOH}}NaOHand {\\rm{O}}{{\\rm{H}}^ - }OH\u2212acts as nucleophilic reagent. This reaction is reversible, since carboxylate anion has tendency to react with an alcohol and gives back ester.
Step-by-step
Step 1 of 2
Attack of [{ m{O}}{{ m{H}}^ - }]on carbonyl take place as follows resulting formation of tetrahedral intermediate:
\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043d
Explanation | Hint for next step
The {\\rm{O}}{{\\rm{H}}^ - }OH\u2212nucleophile attacks on the electrophilic carbon of an ester {\\rm{C}} = {\\rm{O}}C=O and forms tetrahedral intermediate after breaking the \\pi\u03c0-bond.
Step 2 of 2
Hydrolysis of product formed from step 1 followed by reaction with {\\rm{NaOH}}NaOHis as follows:
The products of the reaction are:
Explanation | Common mistakes
On the reaction of octyl acetate with aqueous sodium hydroxide, the products octyl alcohol and acetate ion are formed after omitting the {\\rm{N}}{{\\rm{a}}^ + }Na+ions.
Dalton gathers evidence for the existence of atoms by measuring the masses of elements after compounds are formed.
<u>Explanation</u>:
- John Dalton accumulated proof for the presence of atoms by estimating the majority of components that responded to frame mixes. All components are made out of molecules. All particles of a similar component have a similar mass, and atoms of various components have various masses. Mixes contain atoms of more than one component.
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Dalton did numerous investigations that gave proof to the presence of particles. For instance, He researched pressure and different properties of gases, from which he induced that gases must comprise of little, singular particles that are in steady, arbitrary movement.
Allene (1,2-propadiene) has point group D2d, itself is achiral because it has two planes of symmetry. ... An allene with substituents on one terminal carbon atom are unlike and substituent on other terminal carbon atoms are same, allene will be achiral. It will have one symmetry plane.
Hope this helped :)
Answer;
-4. metallic, because the valance electrons are mobile
Explanation;
-Electrical conductivity in metals is a result of the movement of electrically charged particles.The atoms of metal elements are characterized by the presence of valence electrons (electrons in the outer shell of an atom) that are free to move about.
-Therefore; Metallic elements such as sodium and potassium conducts electricity in solid form due to the presence of delocalized valence electrons. These electrons can move freely within the structure of a metal when an electric current is applied.
The molarity of a solution if it tale 12.0 grams of Ca(No3)2 is calculated as below
molarity = moles/volume in liters
moles = mass/molar mass = 12.0 g/ 164 g/mol = 0.073 moles
molarity is therefore = 0.073/0.105 = 0.7 M
