Answer:
a)The average speed of the horse is 5.3 m/s.
b)The average velocity of the horse is 1.8 m/s
Explanation:
Hi there!
a) The average speed (a.s) is calculated as the traveled distance (d) divided the time in which that distance was covered (t):
a.s = d/t
The distance covered by the horse is 38 m away from the trainer and then halfway (38/2 m) back:
d = 38 m + 38/2 m = 57 m
The time it took the horse to cover that distance was 9.0 s plus 1.8 s on the way back:
t = 9.0 s + 1.8 s = 10.8 s
Then the avereage speed will be:
a.s = 57 m / 10.8 s
a.s = 5.3 m/s
The average speed of the horse is 5.3 m/s.
b) The average velocity (a.v) is calculated as the displacement (Δx) divided the time (t) in which that displacement took place.
a.v = Δx/t
The displacement is calculated as the distance between the final position and the initial position:
Δx = final position - initial position
The horse moved 38 m away from the trainer (in the positive direction) and then returned 19 m (the horse moved 19 m in the negative direction). The final position of the horse is 19 m away from the trainer (the origin of the frame of reference). Then, the displacement will be:
Δx = final position - initial position
Δx = 19 m - 0 m (notice that the horse started from the origin, i.e., the trainer).
Δx = 19 m
And the average velocity will be:
a.v = Δx/t
a.v = 19 m / 10.8 s
a.v = 1.8 m/s
The average velocity of the horse is 1.8 m/s
