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kogti [31]
2 years ago
11

What gets reduced in an electrolytic cell made with nickel and copper electrodes?

Chemistry
1 answer:
jekas [21]2 years ago
8 0

Answer:

D. Ni²⁺  

Explanation:

We know at once that the answer cannot be A or C, because Ni and Cu are already in their lowest oxidation states.

The correct answer must be either B or D.

An electrolytic cell is the opposite of a galvanic cell. In the former, the reaction proceeds spontaneously. In the latter, you must force the reaction to occur.  

One strategy to solve this problem is:

  1. Look up the standard reduction potentials for the half reaction·
  2. Figure out the spontaneous direction.
  3. Write the equation in the reverse direction.

1. Standard reduction potentials

                                E°/V

Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⟶ Cu; 0.3419

Ni²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⟶ Ni;  -0.257

2. Galvanic Cell

We reverse the direction of the more negative half cell and add.

                                       <u>E°/V </u>

Ni ⟶ Ni²⁺ + 2e⁻;           0.257

<u>Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⟶ Cu;      </u>   0.3419

Ni + Cu²⁺ ⟶ Cu + Ni²⁺; 0.599

This is the spontaneous direction.

Cu²⁺ is reduced to Cu.

3. Electrochemical cell

                                        <u>E°/V</u>

Ni²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⟶ Ni;           -0.257

<u>Cu ⟶ Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻;        </u> <u>-0.3419</u>

Cu + Ni²⁺ ⟶ Ni + Cu²⁺; -0.599

This is the non-spontaneous direction.

Ni²⁺ is reduced to Ni in the electrolytic cell.

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