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sveticcg [70]
3 years ago
10

Aqueous hydrochloric acid HCl reacts with solid sodium hydroxide NaOH to produce aqueous sodium chloride NaCl and liquid water H

2O. What is the theoretical yield of water formed from the reaction of 1.1g of hydrochloric acid and 2.1g of sodium hydroxide?
Chemistry
1 answer:
allochka39001 [22]3 years ago
6 0

Answer : The theoretical yield of water formed from the reaction is 0.54 grams.

Solution : Given,

Mass of HCl = 1.1 g

Mass of NaOH = 2.1 g

Molar mass of HCl = 36.5 g/mole

Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g/mole

Molar mass of H_2O = 18 g/mole

First we have to calculate the moles of HCl and NaOH.

\text{ Moles of }HCl=\frac{\text{ Mass of }HCl}{\text{ Molar mass of }HCl}=\frac{1.1g}{36.5g/mole}=0.030moles

\text{ Moles of }NaOH=\frac{\text{ Mass of }NaOH}{\text{ Molar mass of }NaOH}=\frac{2.1g}{40g/mole}=0.525moles

Now we have to calculate the limiting and excess reagent.

The balanced chemical reaction is,

HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O

From the balanced reaction we conclude that

As, 1 mole of HCl react with 1 mole of NaOH

So, 0.030 mole of HCl react with 0.030 mole of NaOH

From this we conclude that, NaOH is an excess reagent because the given moles are greater than the required moles and HCl is a limiting reagent and it limits the formation of product.

Now we have to calculate the moles of H_2O

From the reaction, we conclude that

As, 1 mole of HCl react to give 1 mole of H_2O

So, 0.030 moles of HCl react to give 0.030 moles of H_2O

Now we have to calculate the mass of H_2O

\text{ Mass of }H_2O=\text{ Moles of }H_2O\times \text{ Molar mass of }H_2O

\text{ Mass of }H_2O=(0.030moles)\times (18g/mole)=0.54g

Therefore, the theoretical yield of water formed from the reaction is 0.54 grams.

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