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zhannawk [14.2K]
3 years ago
5

The Tollen's test is the reaction of aldehydes with silver(l) ions in basic solution to form silver metal and a carboxylate. 2 A

g+ + + 3 OH- - HR 2 Ag +_ W + 2 H2O ÃR Which species is being oxidized in the reaction? Choose... Which species is being reduced in the reaction? Choose... Which species is the visual indicator of a positive test? v Choose... Carboxylate ion Aldehyde Silver metal Water Silver(1) ion Hydroxide ion
Chemistry
1 answer:
Aneli [31]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Explanation:

When Tollen's test is done by aldehyde , silver ion is converted into silver which forms a layer which looks like a mirror.

Ag⁺ + e = Ag

It is a reduction process where silver(1) ion is reduced to metallic silver.

Aldehyde is oxidized to carboxylate ion.

CH₃CHO + 2 OH⁻ = CH₃COO⁻ + H₂O + H⁺ + 2e

Visual indicator is silver metal which forms silver mirror at the bottom of test tube .

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What is the standard electrode potential for a galvanic cell constructed in the appropriate way from these two half-cells?
____ [38]

E

θ

Cell

=

+

2.115

l

V

Cathode

Mg

2

+

/

Mg

Anode

Ni

2

+

/

Ni

Explanation:

Look up the reduction potential for each cell in question on a table of standard electrode potential like this one from Chemistry LibreTexts. [1]

Mg

2

+

(

a

q

)

+

2

l

e

−

→

Mg

(

s

)

−

E

θ

=

−

2.372

l

V

Ni

2

+

(

a

q

)

+

2

l

e

−

→

Ni

(

s

)

−

E

θ

=

−

0.257

l

V

The standard reduction potential

E

θ

resembles the electrode's strength as an oxidizing agent and equivalently its tendency to get reduced. The reduction potential of a Platinum-Hydrogen Electrode under standard conditions (

298

l

K

,

1.00

l

kPa

) is defined as

0

l

V

for reference. [2]

A cell with a high reduction potential indicates a strong oxidizing agent- vice versa for a cell with low reduction potentials.

Two half cells connected with an external circuit and a salt bridge make a galvanic cell; the half-cell with the higher

E

θ

and thus higher likelihood to be reduced will experience reduction and act as the cathode, whereas the half-cell with a lower

E

θ

will experience oxidation and act the anode.

E

θ

(

Ni

2

+

/

Ni

)

>

E

θ

(

Mg

2

+

/

Mg

)

Therefore in this galvanic cell, the

Ni

2

+

/

Ni

half-cell will experience reduction and act as the cathode and the

Mg

2

+

/

Mg

the anode.

The standard cell potential of a galvanic cell equals the standard reduction potential of the cathode minus that of the anode. That is:

E

θ

cell

=

E

θ

(

Cathode

)

−

E

θ

(

Anode

)

E

θ

cell

=

−

0.257

−

(

−

2.372

)

E

θ

cell

=

+

2.115

Indicating that connecting the two cells will generate a potential difference of

+

2.115

l

V

across the two cells.

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