Answer:

Explanation:
As we know that the force equation at the top is given as

now we know that

so we have


so we will have


Answer:
A group of protons and neutrons that are surrounded by electrons I think that's the answer...
Explanation:
In a closed system, the loss of momentum of one object is same as________ the gain in momentum of another object
according to law of conservation of momentum, total momentum before and after collision in a closed system in absence of any net external force, remains conserved . that is
total momentum before collision = total momentum after collision
P₁ + P₂ = P'₁ + P'₂
where P₁ and P₂ are momentum before collision for object 1 and object 2 respectively.
P'₁ - P₁ = - (P'₂ - P₂)
so clearly gain in momentum of one object is same as the loss of momentum of other object