D. A ll of the above. catalyst reduces the activation energy thereby making the reaction faster. an increase in temperature increases the kinetic energy and no of collisions making reaction faster for an endothermic reaction while decrease in temperature favors an exothermic reaction.
increase in concentration increases the molecules reacting so the reaction is faster and vice versa.
<span>Carbon dioxide diffuses 20 times faster than oxygen gas
It is estimated, however, that the diffusing capacity of carbon dioxide is from 400 ml to 450 ml per minute under resting conditions and the diffusion capacity for oxygen under resting conditions is 21 ml per minute.</span>
Answer:
a) and d) are false.
Explanation:
a) The second law of thermodynamics states that t<u>he entropy of the universe increases in a spon
taneous process and remains unchanged in an equilibrium process.</u>
For a spontaneous process:
ΔSuniv = ΔSsys + ΔSsurr > 0
For a spontaneous process, the second law says that ΔSuniv must be greater than zero, but it does not place a restriction on either ΔSsys or ΔSsurr. Thus, it is possible for either ΔSsys or ΔSsurr to be negative, as long as the sum of these two quantities is greater than zero.
d) <u>A reaction that does occur under the given set of conditions is called a</u> spontaneous reaction. We observe spontaneous physical and chemical processes every day, including many of the following examples:
• A waterfall runs downhill, but never up, spontaneously.
• A lump of sugar spontaneously dissolves in a cup of coffee, but dissolved sugar does not spontaneously reappear in its original form.
• Heat flows from a hotter object to a colder one, but the reverse never happens spontaneously.
