Answer:
The correct answers are option A. "tethering proteins to the cell cortex", B. "using barriers such as tight junctions", C. "tethering proteins to the extracellular matrix", D. "forming a covalent linkage with membrane lipids", E. "tethering proteins to the surface of another cell"
Explanation:
According to the fluid-mosaic model, the components of cell membranes are in constant movement forming a barrier to avoid unwanted exterior component internalization and to avoid the loss of precious internal components. This constant movement could cause that proteins move across the plasma membrane. But, this is avoided by several mechanisms including:
A. Tethering proteins to the cell cortex. The cell cortex is a rigid structure made of actin and actomyosin. Proteins found in the plasma membrane are tethered to this structure to restrict their movement.
B. Using barriers such as tight junctions. Tight junctions are barriers found in epithelia made of claudin and occludin proteins. These barriers are impenetrable, which avoid the movement of proteins in the cell membrane.
C. Tethering proteins to the extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix is made of several proteins and macromolecules that provide a structural and biochemical support to cells that are nearby. Proteins could be tethered to this rigid structure as well.
D. Forming a covalent linkage with membrane lipids. The proteins in the cell membrane that form a covalent linkage with membrane lipids are known as lipid-anchored proteins, or lipid-linked proteins.
E. Tethering proteins to the surface of another cell. When cell-cell communication take place it is possible that proteins in the cell membrane got tethered to the surface of the other cell.
<span>the trees need to (a) grow strong roots, (b) develop healthy branches and leaves, (c) have strong flows of sap in their veins, as well as use the nutrients, sun and water to be able to grow beautiful flowers and sweet fruits.</span>
Answer: The most affected would be organs that have QUICKLY dividing cells (like the intestine and hair follicles).
Explanation:
Cancer cells are cells that divides uncontrollably giving rise to a mass of tissue called tumour. They grow faster than a normal cell in an uncoordinated manner, and continues to grow after the initial stimulus has ceased.
Paclitaxel is a drug that is approved for the treatment of cancer affecting different parts of the body. It's a microtubule-stabilizing drug whose mechanism of action is to induce mitotic arrest in the cancer cells.
Paclitaxel in its cause of action not only affect cancer cells but normal cells as well. To justify this statement, as stated earlier, the mechanism of action of paclitaxel is to induce mitotic arrest. Therefore the cells of organs where rapid mitosis occurs would be most affected. Skin cells, hair follicles and the cells lining our intestines (epithelial cells) all have high rates of mitosis as these tissues constantly need to be replaced.
The drug that is associated when having to intake it when
pregnant that is likely causing premature birth, low birth weight infants and
the fetal death is the use of nicotine. This type of drug is a form of agonist
in regards with nicotinic acetylcholone receptors.
<span>The nurse should discuss the complications that the client may experience if he doesn't cooperate with the care plan with him. While clients have the right to make their own choices about their medical care, it is the nurse's responsibility to make sure they make informed ones. She should eventually note down his noncompliance, as well.</span>
