Answer:
A cation is an ion with fewer electrons than protons. Therefore, it has a positive charge. The electric charge on a proton is equal in amount to the charge on an electron. Anions are atoms or radicals (groups of atoms), that have gained electrons. Since they now have more electrons than protons, anions have a negative charge. Halogens always form anions, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals always form cations. Most other metals form cations (e.g. iron, silver, nickel), whilst most other nonmetals typically form anions (e.g. oxygen, carbon, sulfur).
Explanation:
An anion and cation cannot be specifically found on the periodic table.
The oxidation state, sometimes referred to as oxidation number, describes the degree of oxidation of an atom in a chemical compound.
<u>Explanation:</u>
The oxidation number of an atom is the charge that atom would have if the compound was composed of ions. 1. The oxidation number of an atom is zero in a neutral substance that contains atoms of only one element. The oxidation number of simple ions is equal to the charge on the ion.
The oxidation number of a mono atomic ion equals the charge of the ion. The oxidation number of H is +1, but it is -1 in when combined with less electro negative elements. The oxidation number of O in compounds is usually -2, but it is -1 in peroxides. The oxidation number of a Group 1 element in a compound is +1.
Answer: 36.53g
Explanation:
First we need to find the amount of NaCl that dissolves in 1L of the solution that produced 5M of NaCl
Molarity = 5M
MM of NaCl = 58.45
Molarity = Mass conc (g/L) / MM
Mass conc. (g/L) of NaCl = Molarity x MM
= 5 x 58.45 = 292.25g
Next, we need to find the amount that will dissolve in 125mL(i.e 0.125L)
From the calculations above,
292.25g of NaCl dissolved in 1L
Therefore Xg of NaCl will dissolve in 0.125L of the solution i.e
Xg of NaCl = 292.25 x 0.125 = 36.53g.
Therefore 36.53g of NaCl will dissolve in 125mL of the solution
Answer:
Substrate:alkyl halide
Leaving group: Cl
Organic product: The nitrile
Inorganic product: Cl-
Nucleophile: CN-
Explanation:
An SN2 reaction is a concerted bimolecular reaction. Concerted means that it involves two reactions taking place at the same time while bimolecular means that the rate determining step involves two molecules. The cyanide ion attacks the alkyl halide from the rear. In the transition state, the leaving group (Cl-) is departing while the nucleophile (CN-) is forming a bond to the alkyl halide simultaneously. The alkyl halide is the substrate in the reaction. The organic product is the nitrile shown in the image attached.
