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3 years ago

The principal component in glass manufacturing is_____

Engineering

1 answer:

Oksanka [162]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

Silica is the principal component in glass.

Explanation:

Step1

Glass is the amorphous solid and transparent. Glass products have many of the shapes and design that are available in market.

Step2

Natural quartz is the primary source of glass in sand. Silica is the principal component in approximately all glass. Lime stone, soda ash and aluminum oxide are added in the galas for desired properties depending upon application. So, silica is the principal component in glass.

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A stainless steel (AISI 304) tube used to transport a chilled pharmaceutical has an inner diameter of 36 mm and a wall thickness

Bingel [31]

Answer:

a) heat gain per unit tube length = $\frac{23-6}{1.35} = 12.6W/m$

b) heat gain per unit tube length = $\frac{23-6}{2.20} = 7.7W/m$

Explanation:

Assumptions:

Constant properties
Steady state conditions
Negligible effect of radiation
Negligible constant resistance between tube and insulation
one dimensional radial conduction

a) What is the heat gain per unit tube length

$R_{conv,i}'=\frac{1}{2\pi r_1h_i}$

$d_1=36mm$ Therefore $r_1=\frac{d_1}{2} =36/2=18mm=18*10^{-3}$

$r_2=2mm=2*10^{-3}m$

$k_{st}=14.2W/m.k$

$h_o=6W/m^2$

$h_i=400W/m^2$

$R_{conv,i}'=\frac{1}{2\pi * 1.8*10^{-3}*400}= 0.221m.K/W$

$R_{cond,st}'=\frac{ln(r_2/r_1)}{2\pi k_{st}} =\frac{ln(20/18)}{2\pi *14.2} =1.18*10^{-3}m.K/W$

$R_{conv,o}'=\frac{1}{2\pi r_2h_0}=\frac{1}{2\pi *2*10^{-3}*6}=1.33m.K/W$

$R_{tot}'=R_{conv,i}'+R_{cond,st}'+R_{conv,o}'=0.221+(1.18*10^{-3})+1.33=1.35m.K/W$

heat gain per unit tube length = $\frac{23-6}{1.35} = 12.6W/m$

b) What is the heat gain per unit length if a 10-mm-thick layer of calcium silicate insulation (k_ins = 0.050 W/m.K) is applied to the tube

$r_3=r_1+r_2+10mm=30mm=0.03m$

$R_{conv,i}'$ and $R_{cond,st}'$ are the same, but $R_{conv,o}'$ changes.

Therefore:

$R_{conv,o}'=\frac{1}{2\pi r_3h_0} = \frac{1}{2\pi *0.03*6}=0.88m.K/W$

$R_{conv,ins}'=\frac{ln(r_3/r_)}{2\pi k_{ins}} =\frac{ln(30/20)}{2\pi *0.05} =1.29m.K/W$

The total resistance $R_{tot}'=R_{conv,i}'+R_{cond,st}'+R_{conv,ins}'+R_{conv,o}'=0.221+(1.18*10^{-3})+1.29+0.88=2.20m.K/W$

heat gain per unit tube length = $\frac{23-6}{2.20} = 7.7W/m$

8 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

What are the causes and solutions of social problems ?what are the causes and solutions of social problems

aksik [14]

Answer:

causes: unemployment, poverty,Lack of education,urbanization e.t.c

solutions:making people educated, giving people jobs

7 0

3 years ago

Can you determine the critical distance along a flat surface?

Keith_Richards [23]

Explanation:

Consider a fluid of density, ρ moving with a velocity, U over a flat plate of length, L.

Let the Kinematic viscosity of the fluid be ν.

Let the flow over the fluid be laminar for a distance x from the leading edge.

Now this distance is called the critical distance.

Therefore, for a laminar flow, the critical distance can be defined as the distance from the leading edge of the plate where the Reynolds number is equal to 5 x $10^{5}$

And Reynolds number is a dimensionless number which determines whether a flow is laminar or turbulent.

Mathematically, we can write,

Re = $\frac{\rho .U.x}{\mu }$

or 5 x $10^{5}$ = $\frac{\rho .U.x}{\mu }$ ( for a laminar flow )

Therefore, critical distance

$x=\frac{5\times 10^{5}\times \mu }{\rho \times U}$

So x is defined as the critical distance upto which the flow is laminar.

6 0

3 years ago

4. Calculate the square root of potato using the sqrt() function. Print out the value of potato again to verify that the value o

N76 [4]

Answer:

potato<-100

print(potato)

sqrt(potato)

potato<-potato*2

print(potato)

Explanation:

The complete question is as follows

Create a variable called potato whose value corresponds to the number of potatoes you’ve eaten in the last week. Or something equally ridiculous. Print out the value of potato.

Calculate the square root of potato using the sqrt() function. Print out the value of potato again to verify that the value of potato hasn’t changed.

Reassign the value of potato to potato * 2.

Print out the new value of potato to verify that it has changed

The question was answered using R programming language.

At line 1, I assumed that I ate 100 potatoes in the previous week.

So, potato = 100

At line 2, the value of potato is printed as 100.

At line 3, the square root of potato is calculated using sqrt function: Square for of 100 = 10

At line 4,the initial value of potato is doubled and stored in potato variable. 100 * 2 = 200

At line 5, the new value of potato is printed: 200.

8 0

4 years ago

Air enters a compressor operating at steady state at 1 atm with a specific enthalpy of

Savatey [412]

Answer:

option C

option A

Explanation:

Enthalpy gained by air= 1023-290

= 733 kJ/kg

Rate of energy gain= mass flow rate × Enthalpy gained by air

= 0.1 × 733

= 73.3 kJ/s

rate of heat transfer between compressor and air= 77kW

Heat loss by air to surroundings= 77-73.3

=3.7kW

Enthalpy lost by steam in turbine= 1407.6-1236.4

= 171.2 Btu/lb

Rate of energy transfer to turbine= Enthalpy lost by steam× mass flow rate

= 171.2×5

= 856 Btu/s

Net rate of energy transfer to turbine=rate of Energy transfer to turbine- rate of heat transfer to turbine

= 856-40

= 816 Btu/s

8 0

4 years ago