You are attending a county fair with your friend from your physics class. While walking around the fairgrounds, you discover a n
ew game of skill. A thin rod of mass M = 0.535 kg and length ℓ = 2.45 m hangs from a friction-free pivot at its upper end as shown in the figure.
The front surface of the rod is covered with Velcro. You are to throw a Velcro-covered ball of mass m = 1.05 kg at the rod in an attempt to make it swing backward and rotate all the way across the top. The ball must stick to the rod at all times after striking it. If you cause the rod to rotate over the top position (that is, rotate 180° opposite of its starting position), you win a stuffed animal. Your friend volunteers to try his luck. He feels that the most torque would be applied to the rod by striking it at its lowest end. While he prepares to aim at the lowest point on the rod, you calculate how fast he must throw the ball to win the stuffed animal with this technique. How fast must he throw the ball to win the stuffed animal?
The sun is a hot ball of glowing gases which is a star whose gravity holds the solar system together and also keeping all the planet and smallest particles of debris in its orbit.
