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ira [324]
3 years ago
15

The percent yield of a reaction between elemental zinc and an aqueous solution of 0.50 M hydro-chloric acid is known to be 78.0%

. We need to produce 35.5 g of zinc chloride, what is the minimum amount in mL of hydrochloric acid that are required, given that zinc is in excess
Chemistry
1 answer:
Naddik [55]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

1.3 × 10³ mL

Explanation:

Let's consider the following reaction.

Zn + 2 HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

The percent yield is 78.0%. The real yield (R) of zinc chloride is 35.5 g. The theoretical yield (T) of zinc chloride is:

35.5 g (R) × (100 g T/ 78.0 g R) = 45.5 g T

The molar mass of zinc chloride is 136.29 g/mol. The moles corresponding to 45.5 g of zinc chloride is:

45.5 g × (1 mol/ 136.29 g) = 0.334 mol

The molar ratio of HCl to ZnCl₂ is 2:1. The moles of HCl that react with 0.334 moles of ZnCl₂ are 2 × 0.334 mol = 0.668 mol.

We need 0.668 moles of a 0.50 M HCl solution. The volume required is:

0.668 mol × (1000 mL/0.50 mol) = 1.3 × 10³ mL

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Explanation:

Upon dissolution of KCl heat is generated and temperature of the solution raises.

Therefore, heat generated by dissolving 0.25 moles of KCl will be as follows.

             17.24 kJ/mol \times 0.25 mol

                = 4.31 kJ

or,             = 4310 J      (as 1 kJ = 1000 J)

Mass of solution will be the sum of mass of water and mass of KCl.

       Mass of Solution = mass of water + (no. of moles of KCl × molar mass)

                                    = 200 g + (0.25 mol \times 54.5 g/mol)

                                    = 200 g + 13.625 g

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Relation between heat, mass and change in temperature is as follows.

                             Q = mC \Delta T

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Therefore, putting the given values into the above formula as follows.

                     Q = mC \Delta T

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The recommended daily allowance (rda of calcium is 1.2 g. calcium carbonate contains 12.0% calcium by mass. how many grams of ca
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