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Katyanochek1 [597]
3 years ago
10

Assume that some protein molecule, in its folded native state, has one favored conformation. But when it is denatured, it become

s a "random coil", with many possible conformations.
How will the contribution of ΔS for native → denatured affect the favorability of the process? What apparent requirement does this impose on ΔH if proteins are to be stable structures?
Chemistry
1 answer:
san4es73 [151]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Gibbs Free Energy is given by the next equation: ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where

ΔH - <u>change</u> in enthalpy

T - temperature in Kelvin

ΔS - <u>change</u> in entropy

ΔG can be:

  • ΔG>0 positive(not spontaneous reaction)
  • ΔG<0 negative(spontaneous reaction)
  • ΔG=0(in equilibrium).

→ When the proteins are denatured, the entropy of the system increases. Therefore, the ΔS also increases and becomes more positive.  

→ From the equation we see that positive value of ΔS contributes to negative value of ΔG.

The proteins are stable when there is no spontaneous reaction, thus, the ΔG>0 is required. Which means that ΔH has to be large and positive to counteract the influence of ΔS.

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a) Por qué se humedeció la parte exterior del frasco?


b) Por qué el hielo disminuyó su volumen y ahora es agua?


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These are the three answers (in English).



First question:



a) Por qué se humedeció la parte exterior del frasco?



The question is Why did the outside of the bottle get wet?



Answer:



The outside of the bottle get wet because the ice cubes cooled the walls of the bottle, so the air surrounding the bottle also cooled.



The air contains humidity (water) in gas phase. The hotter the air the more the amount of humidity it can retain, the cooler the air the less the amount of humidity it can retain.


Then, when the air close to the walls of the bootle got cooler some of the water in the air became liquid and those are the drops of water that you see in the outside of the bottle.



Second question



b) Por qué el hielo disminuyó su volumen y ahora es agua?



The question is Why did the ice diminish its volume and now it is water?



Answer:




The ice diminished its volume and now it is water, becasue the ice, which is cooler than the surroundings, received heat energy (from the surroundings) and then its temperature increased. At some moment, this temperature reached the melting point of the ice (water) and it started to become liquid.



Third question



c) Por qué puede haber agua en el exterior?



The question is: Why can there be water outside?




Answer:



The water outside is outside since the beginning: it is in the air. You do not see it because it is gas state. When the air close to the walss of the bottle got cooler, part of the water in the air became liquid.

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