The lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere are the abiotic parts of the planet.
Among the transition metal elements, Manganese and Zinc have a slight lowering of electronegativities. The reason behind this is that the nuclear charges of these elements are slightly weaker than the other transition metal elements due to the way their valence electrons are filled up. Both Manganese and Zinc have their valence electrons filled up to the 4th shell with 1 pair of electrons (4s2) completely occupying it. Although the electrons in the 3rd shell (3d) are yet to be paired since the outer most shell is filled up, the ability of the nucleus to attract electrons is lessened. Hence, the electronegativity (or the ability to attract electrons) is lessened.
Answer:
4.34x10⁻¹⁹ J
Explanation:
The total energy emitted by irradiation is given by
E = hf, where E is the energy, <em>h</em> is the plack constant (6.626x10⁻³⁴ J.s), and <em>f</em> is the frequency. The frequency is also the velocity of the light (c = 2.99x10⁸ m/s) divided by the length of the irradiation (254x10⁻⁹ m). So:
E = (6.626x10⁻³⁴)x(2.99x10⁸)/ (254x10⁻⁹)
E = 7.80x10⁻¹⁹ J
The energy to remove 1 electron is the energy necessary to remove 1 mol divided by the Avogadros number ( 1 mol = 6.02x10²³ electrons):
208400/6.022x10^23 = 3.46x10⁻¹⁹ J
The total energy is the energy necessary to remove one electrons plus the kinectic energy (Ek) of the electrons:
7.80x10⁻¹⁹ = 3.46x10⁻¹⁹ + Ek
Ek = 7.80x10⁻¹⁹ - 3.46x10⁻¹⁹
Ek = 4.34x10⁻¹⁹ J
Isotopes of the same element differ only in the number of neutrons an atom has. Its still the same element because the number of protons define an element. Just their neutrons and mass number is different.
<span>will record an earthquake by a plotting vibrations versus time.
can determine the time of arrival of the first P-wave and the time of arrival of the first S-wave.</span>
