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denis23 [38]
2 years ago
9

A student is asked to standardize a solution of barium hydroxide. He weighs out 0.978 g potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHC8H4O4,

treat this as a monoprotic acid). It requires 35.8 mL of barium hydroxide to reach the endpoint. A. What is the molarity of the barium hydroxide solution? M This barium hydroxide solution is then used to titrate an unknown solution of hydrochloric acid. B. If 17.1 mL of the barium hydroxide solution is required to neutralize 18.6 mL of hydrochloric acid, what is the molarity of the hydrochloric acid solution? M
Chemistry
1 answer:
Sav [38]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

(A) 0.129 M

(B) 0.237 M

Explanation:

(A) The reaction between potassium hydrogen phthalate and barium hydroxide is:

  • 2HA + Ba(OH)₂ → BaA₂ + 2H₂O

Where A⁻ is the respective anion of the monoprotic acid (KC₈H₄O₄⁻).

We <u>convert mass of phthalate to moles</u>, using its molar mass:

  • 0.978 g ÷ 156 g/mol = 9.27x10⁻³ mol = 9.27 mmol

Now we <u>convert mmol of HA to mmol of Ba(OH)₂</u>:

  • 9.27 mmol HA * \frac{1mmolBa(OH)_{2}}{2mmolHA} = 6.64 mmol Ba(OH)₂

Finally we calculate the molarity of the Ba(OH)₂ solution:

  • 6.64 mmol / 35.8 mL = 0.129 M

(B) The reaction between Ba(OH)₂ and HCl is:

  • 2HCl + Ba(OH)₂ → BaCl₂ + 2H₂O

So<u> the moles of HCl that reacted </u>are:

  • 17.1 mL * 0.129 M * \frac{2mmolHCl}{1mmolBa(OH)_2} = 4.41 mmol HCl

And the <u>molarity of the HCl solution is</u>:

  • 4.41 mmol / 18.6 mL = 0.237 M

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For problems like this posting, one needs an understanding of the following topics:

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<em>Given moles => grams = moles x gram formula wt</em>

_________________________________________________________

<em>Calculate the number of O atoms in 0.364 g of CaSO₄ · 2H₂O.</em>

Given mass CaSO₄ · 2H₂O = 0.364 grams

Formula Wt CaSO₄ · 2H₂O = 172 g/mole

moles CaSO₄ · 2H₂O = mass <em>CaSO4 · 2H2O / formula Wt. CaSO₄ · 2H₂O</em>

<em>= 0.364 g CaSO₄·2H₂O </em><em>/ </em><em>172 g CaSO4·2H2O </em>

<em>= (0.364/172) mole CaSO₄·2H₂O </em>

<em>= 2.12 x 10⁻³ mole CaSO₄·2H₂O    </em>

<em>∴ number of Oxy (O) atoms in 0.364 grams CaSO₄·2H₂O </em>

<em>=  (2.12 x 10⁻³ mole CaSO₄ · 2H₂O)(6.023 x 10²³ molecules CaSO₄· 2H₂O/ mole)</em>

<em>= 1.276876 x 10²¹molecules CaSO₄· 2H₂O  CaSO₄2H₂O </em>

<em>= 1.276876 x 10²¹ molecules CaSO₄· 2H₂O   x   6 oxygen atoms / molecule</em>

<em>= 7.661256 x 10²¹  oxygen atoms in 0.364 grams of  CaSO₄·2H₂O</em>

<em>= 7.66 x 10²¹  oxygen atoms in 0.364 grams of  CaSO₄·2H₂O</em>

<em />

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