Answer:
a. -58 millivolts
Explanation:
The given Nernst equation is:
![E_{ion} = 58 millivolts /z \Big[ log_{10} \Big( \dfrac{[ion]_{out}}{[ion]_{in}}\Big) \Big]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=E_%7Bion%7D%20%3D%2058%20millivolts%20%2Fz%20%5CBig%5B%20log_%7B10%7D%20%5CBig%28%20%5Cdfrac%7B%5Bion%5D_%7Bout%7D%7D%7B%5Bion%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D%5CBig%29%20%5CBig%5D%7D)
The equilibrium potential given by the Nernst equation can be determined by using the formula:
![E_{Cl^-} = \dfrac{2.303*R*T}{ZF} \times log \dfrac{[Cl^-]_{out}} {[Cl^-]_{in}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=E_%7BCl%5E-%7D%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B2.303%2AR%2AT%7D%7BZF%7D%20%5Ctimes%20log%20%5Cdfrac%7B%5BCl%5E-%5D_%7Bout%7D%7D%20%7B%5BCl%5E-%5D_%7Bin%7D%7D)
where:
gas constant(R) = 8.314 J/K/mol
Temperature (T) = (20+273)K
= 298K
Faraday constant F = 96485 C/mol
Number of electron on Cl = -1
Answer:
B. How much energy it takes to heat a substance
Explanation:
Specific heat capacity:
It is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance by one degree.
Formula:
Q = m.c. ΔT
Q = amount of heat absorbed or released
m = mass of given substance
c = specific heat capacity of substance
ΔT = change in temperature
The substances with higher value of specific heat capacity require more heat to raise the temperature by one degree as compared the substances having low value of specific heat capacity. For example,
The specific heat capacity of oil is 1.57 j/g. K and for water is 4.18 j/g.K. So, water take a time to increase its temperature by one degree by absorbing more heat while oil will heat up faster by absorbing less amount of heat.
Consider that both oil and water have same mass of 5g and change in temperature is 15 K. Thus amount of heat thy absorbed to raise the temperature is,
For oil:
Q = m.c. ΔT
Q = 5 g× 1.67 j/g K × 15 K
Q = 125.25 j
For water:
Q = m.c. ΔT
Q = 5 g× 4.18 j/g K × 15 K
Q = 313.5 j
we can observe that water require more heat which is 313.5 j to increase its temperature.
Answer:
The answer is 1.778*10^-9
Explanation:
Using the formula
pH = -log[H^+]
Since the pH of the solution has been given to be 8.75,
Therefore,
8.75= -log [H^+]
Let's take H^+ to be x
8.75= -log x
Let's look for x, since the log is in base 10
X = 10^-8.75
X = 1.778 * 10^ -9
Therefore, H^+ =1.778 *10^-9
