Explanation:
Atomic radius decreases from left to right in a period.
Therefore Calcium would have a smaller atomic size.
The mass of the copper cylinder is 177065.856g
Given:
Radius of the copper cylinder R=12cm
Height of the copper cylinder H=44cm
Density of the cylinder=8.90 
To find:
Mass of the copper cylinder
<u>Step by Step by explanation:</u>
Solution:
According to the formula, Mass can be calculated as
and from this
Where, m=mass of the cylinder
=density of the cylinder
v=volume of the cylinder
And also cylinder is provided with radius and height value.
So volume of the cylinder is calculated as
Where 
=3.14
r=radius of the cylinder=12cm
h=height of the cylinder=44cm
Thus, 
v=3.14 \times 144 \times 44
And we know that,
Substitute the known values in the above equation we get
m=177065.856g or 177.065kg
Result:
Thus the mass of the copper cylinder is 177065.856g
The question requires us to explain the differences in radii of neutral atoms, cations and anions.
To answer this question, we need to keep in mind that a neutral atom presents the same number of protons (positive particles) and electrons (negative particles). Another important information is that the protons are located in the nucleus of the atom, while the electrons are around the nucleus. Also, there is an electrostatic force between protons and electrons, which means that they the protons tend to attract the electrons to the nucleus.
While a neutral atom presents the same number of protons and electrons, a cation is an ion with positive charge, which means it has lost one or more electrons. In a cation, the balance between protons and electrons doesn't exist anymore: now, there is more positive than negative charge (more protons than electrons), and the overall attractive force that the protons have for the electrons is increased. As a result, the electrons stay closer to the nucleus and the radius of a cation is smaller than the neutral atom from which it was derived.
On the other side, anions present negative charge, which means they have received electrons. Similarly to cations, the balance between protons and electrons doesn't exist anymore, but in this case, there are more electrons than protons. In an anion, the overall attractive force that the protons have for the electrons is decreased. As a result, the electrons are "more free" to move and, as they are not so attracted to the nucleus, they tend to stay farther from the positive nucleus compared to the neutral atom - because of this, the radius of an anion is larger than the neutral atom from which it was derived.
The number of Zn particles (atoms of Zn ) in the first sample, and Zn ions are going to be the same,
Also mass of Zn are going to be the same, because of electrons are too small, and would not have influence on mass.
