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Galina-37 [17]
3 years ago
6

What is the magnitude of the total acceleration of point A after 2 seconds? The bar starts from rest and has a constant angular

acceleration of 1.0 rad/s2 clockwise.
Physics
1 answer:
monitta3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

a_total = 2 √ (α² + w⁴) ,   a_total = 2,236 m

Explanation:

The total acceleration of a body, if we use the Pythagorean theorem is

          a_total² = a_T²2 + a_{c}²

where

the centripetal acceleration is

  a_{c} = v² / r = w r²

tangential acceleration

   a_T = dv / dt

angular and linear acceleration are related

         a_T = α  r

we substitute in the first equation

       a_total = √ [(α r)² + (w r² )²]

       a_total = 2 √ (α² + w⁴)

Let's find the angular velocity for t = 2 s if we start from rest wo = 0

        w = w₀ + α t

        w = 0 + 1.0 2

        w = 2.0rad / s

       

we substitute

        a_total = r √(1² + 2²) = r √5

        a_total = r 2,236

In order to finish the calculation we need the radius to point A, suppose that this point is at a distance of r = 1 m

         a_total = 2,236 m

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Tutorial Exercise An unstable atomic nucleus of mass 1.83 10-26 kg initially at rest disintegrates into three particles. One of
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Answer:

A) v3 = -[6.29 × 10^(6)]j^ - [7.06 × 10^(6)]i^

B) K_total = 373.08 × 10^(-15) J

Explanation:

We are given;

Mass of unstable atomic nucleus; M = 1.83 × 10^(-26) kg

Mass of first particle; m1 = 5.03 × 10^(-27) kg

Speed of first particle in y-direction; v1 = (6 × 10^(6) m/s) j^

Mass of second particle; m2 = 8.47 × 10^(-27) kg

Speed of second particle in x - direction; v2 = (4 × 10^(6) m/s) i^

Now, we don't have the mass of the third particle but since we are told the unstable atomic nucleus disintegrates into 3 particles, thus;

M = m1 + m2 + m3

1.83 × 10^(-26) = (5.03 × 10^(-27)) + (8.47 × 10^(-27)) + m3

m3 = (1.83 × 10^(-26)) - (13.5 × 10^(-27))

m3 = 4.8 × 10^(-27) kg

A) Applying law of conservation of momentum, we have;

MV = (m1 × v1) + (m2 × v2) + (m3 × v3)

Now, the unstable atomic nucleus was at rest before disintegration, thus V = 0 m/s.

Thus, we now have;

0 = (m1 × v1) + (m2 × v2) + (m3 × v3)

We want to find the velocity of the third particle v3. Let's make it the subject of the formula;

v3 = [(m1 × v1) + (m2 × v2)]/(-m3)

Plugging in the relevant values, we have;

v3 = [(5.03 × 10^(-27) × 6 × 10^(6))j^ + (8.47 × 10^(-27) × 4 × 10^(6))i^]/(-4.8 × 10^(-27))

v3 = [(30.18 × 10^(-21))j^ + (33.88 × 10^(-21))i^]/(-4.8 × 10^(-27))

v3 = -[6.29 × 10^(6)]j^ - [7.06 × 10^(6)]i^

B) Formula for kinetic energy is;

K = ½mv²

Now,total kinetic energy is;

K_total = K1 + K2 + K3

K1 = ½ × 5.03 × 10^(-27) × (6 × 10^(6))²

K1 = 90.54 × 10^(-15) J

K2 = ½ × 8.47 × 10^(-27) × (4 × 10^(6))²

K2 = 67.76 × 10^(-15)

To find K3, let's first find the magnitude of v3 because it's still in vector form.

Thus;

v3 = √[(-6.29 × 10^(6))² + (-7.06 × 10^(6))²]

v3 = 9.46 × 10^(6) m/s

K3 = ½ × 4.8 × 10^(-27) × (9.46 × 10^(6))²

K3 = 214.78 × 10^(-15) J

K_total = (90.54 × 10^(-15)) + (67.76 × 10^(-15)) + (214.78 × 10^(-15))

K_total = 373.08 × 10^(-15) J

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