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3 years ago

15

A rectangular dam is 101 ft long and 54 ft high. If the water is 35 ft deep, find the force of the water on the dam (the density

of water is 62.4 lb/ft3).

1 answer:

blsea [12.9K]3 years ago

6 0

To solve this problem we will begin by finding the pressure through density and average depth. Later we will find the Force, by means of the relation of the pressure and the area.

$P = \rho h$

Here,

h = Depth average

$\rho$ = Density

Moreover,

$\text{Density of water}= \rho = 62.4lb/ft^3$

Replacing,

$P = (62.4lb/ft^3)(\frac{35}{2}ft)$

$P = 1092 lb/ft^2$

Finally the force

$\text{Force} = \text{Pressure}\times \text{Area of dam with water acting on it}$

$F = 1092lb/ft^2(101ft*52ft)$

$F = 5.735*10^6lbf$

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Answer:

h'=0.25m/s

Explanation:

In order to solve this problem, we need to start by drawing a diagram of the given situation. (See attached image).

So, the problem talks about an inverted circular cone with a given height and radius. The problem also tells us that water is being pumped into the tank at a rate of $8m^{3}/s$ . As you may see, the problem is talking about a rate of volume over time. So we need to relate the volume, with the height of the cone with its radius. This relation is found on the volume of a cone formula:

$V_{cone}=\frac{1}{3} \pi r^{2}h$

notie the volume formula has two unknowns or variables, so we need to relate the radius with the height with an equation we can use to rewrite our volume formula in terms of either the radius or the height. Since in this case the problem wants us to find the rate of change over time of the height of the gasoline tank, we will need to rewrite our formula in terms of the height h.

If we take a look at a cross section of the cone, we can see that we can use similar triangles to find the equation we are looking for. When using similar triangles we get:

$\frac {r}{h}=\frac{4}{5}$

When solving for r, we get:

$r=\frac{4}{5}h$

so we can substitute this into our volume of a cone formula:

$V_{cone}=\frac{1}{3} \pi (\frac{4}{5}h)^{2}h$

which simplifies to:

$V_{cone}=\frac{1}{3} \pi (\frac{16}{25}h^{2})h$

$V_{cone}=\frac{16}{75} \pi h^{3}$

So now we can proceed and find the partial derivative over time of each of the sides of the equation, so we get:

$\frac{dV}{dt}= \frac{16}{75} \pi (3)h^{2} \frac{dh}{dt}$

Which simplifies to:

$\frac{dV}{dt}= \frac{16}{25} \pi h^{2} \frac{dh}{dt}$

So now I can solve the equation for dh/dt (the rate of height over time, the velocity at which height is increasing)

So we get:

$\frac{dh}{dt}= \frac{(dV/dt)(25)}{16 \pi h^{2}}$

Now we can substitute the provided values into our equation. So we get:

$\frac{dh}{dt}= \frac{(8m^{3}/s)(25)}{16 \pi (4m)^{2}}$

so:

$\frac{dh}{dt}=0.25m/s$

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3 years ago