D. The No Child Left Behind Act
The Act was signed into law by President George W. Bush on January 8, 2012.
Answer:
Higher-order conditioning (second-order conditioning)
Explanation:
Higher-order conditioning (second-order conditioning) is not about the direct threaten of stimulus but it is about the indirect threaten of the stimulus. It involves disturbances in emotional and behavioral stimuli. This type of conditioning occurs with the people who faced any type of trauma in their life.
It occurs with the pairing of the situation with the traumatic situation. This conditioning includes negative emotions as well as less or neutral cues related to the situation. Thus the neutral cue creates the same disturbance as happened in the original situation.
Thus here in the above context, Fred's dog was conditioned at the sound of the bell for salvation. After that Fred associated the bell with another stimulus like a whistling sound.
Fred's dog even then salivate when it hears the sound of the whistle, he never heard before. This illustrates the second-order conditioning or higher-order conditioning.
The correct answer is They provide a way of organizing and resolving political conflict
In the nineteenth century Benjamin Constant conceived political parties as a gathering of men professing the same political doctrine. In the twentieth century, several authors such as Max Weber, Nawiasky, Kelsen, Goguel, Burdeau, and many others have created theories that, respecting differences, conceptualized political parties are the union of people, of society; they are the formation of groups with similar, organized political ideals that aim to participate in political life, shaping and effectivelying a particular power.
Each state chooses electors, equal in number to that state's combined total of senators and representatives. There are a total of 538 electors<span>, corresponding to the 435 representatives and </span>100 senators<span>, plus the </span>three<span> electors for the District of Columbia as provided by the Twenty-third Amendment.</span>
That perhaps the subject isn’t human but is trying to appear to be, it also suggests an idea of concealment or mystery.
