Answer:
Chemical bonds are the electrical forces of attraction that hold atoms or ions together to form molecules. Different types of chemical bonds and their varying intensity are directly responsible for some of the physical properties of minerals such as hardness, melting and boiling points, solubility, and conductivity.
Explanation:
Answer:
Reduction
Explanation:
The oxidation reduction reactions are called redox reaction. These reactions are take place by gaining or losing the electrons and oxidation state of elements are changed.
Oxidation:
Oxidation involve the removal of electrons and oxidation state of atom of an element is increased.
Reduction:
Reduction involve the gain of electron and oxidation number is decreased.
In given reaction fluorine gas gain two electron and form fluoride ions.
F₂(g) + 2e⁻ → 2F⁻(aq)
The given reaction is reduction because oxidation state is decreased from zero to -1.
If the difference in electronegativtiy for the atoms in a bond are greater than 0.4,we consider the bond polar, if the electronegativity is less than 0.4, we consider it non polar. if there are no polar bonds, the molecule is non polar.
Answer:
Equilibrium concentration of 
is 12.5 M
Explanation:
Given reaction: 
Here, ![K_{c}=\frac{[C_{2}H_{5}OH]}{[C_{2}H_{4}][H_{2}O]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_%7Bc%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5BC_%7B2%7DH_%7B5%7DOH%5D%7D%7B%5BC_%7B2%7DH_%7B4%7D%5D%5BH_%7B2%7DO%5D%7D)
where 
represents equilibrium constant in terms of concentration and species inside third bracket represent equilibrium concentrations
Here, ![[C_{2}H_{4}]=0.015M](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BC_%7B2%7DH_%7B4%7D%5D%3D0.015M)
, ![[C_{2}H_{5}OH]=1.69M](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BC_%7B2%7DH_%7B5%7DOH%5D%3D1.69M)
and 
So, ![[H_{2}O]=\frac{[C_{2}H_{5}OH]}{[C_{2}H_{4}]\times K_{c}}=\frac{1.69}{0.015\times 9.0}=12.5M](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BH_%7B2%7DO%5D%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5BC_%7B2%7DH_%7B5%7DOH%5D%7D%7B%5BC_%7B2%7DH_%7B4%7D%5D%5Ctimes%20K_%7Bc%7D%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B1.69%7D%7B0.015%5Ctimes%209.0%7D%3D12.5M)
Hence equilibrium concentration of is 12.5 M
