1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Semenov [28]
3 years ago
6

It has been suggested that the surface melting of ice plays a role in enabling speed skaters to achieve peak performance. Carry

out the following calculation to test this hypothesis. At 1 atm pressure, ice melts at 273.15 K (delta)Hfusion= 6010J/mol, the density of ice is 920 kg/m3, and the density of liquid water is 997 kg/m3.
Part A:
What pressure is required to lower the melting temperature by 4.7 degrees Celsius?
Part B:
Assume that the width of the skate in contact with the ice has been reduced by sharpening to 0.019 cm, and that the length of the contact area is 18 cm. If a skater of mass 79kg is balanced on one skate, what pressure is exerted at the interface of the skate and the ice?
Part C:
What is the melting point of ice under this pressure?
Chemistry
1 answer:
Fittoniya [83]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

a) Pf = 689.4 bar

b) P = 226.6 bar

c) T = 269.99 K

Explanation:

a)

The molar volume of ice is equal to:

Vi = m/p = (18.02x10^-3 kg H2O/1 mol H2O)*(1 m^3/920 kg) = 1.96x10^-5 m^3 mol^-1

The molar volume of liquid water is equal to:

Vl = (18.02x10^-3 kg/1 mol)*(1 m^3/997 kg) = 1.8x10^-5 m^3 mol^-1

The change in volume is equal to:

ΔVchange = Vi-Vl = 1.96x10^-5 - 1.8x10^-5 = 1.5x10^-6 m^3 mol^-1

using the Clapeyron equation:

Pf = Pi + ((ΔHf*ΔT)/(ΔVf*Ti)) = 1.013x10^5 Pa + ((6010 J mol^-1 * 4.7 K)/(1.5x10^-6 * 273.15 K)) = 6.89x10^7 Pa = 689.4 bar

b)

For the pressure we will use the equation:

P = (m*g)/A, where m is the mass, g is the acceleration of gravity and A is the area. Replacing values:

P = (79 kg * 9.81 m s^-2)/(1.9x10^-4 m * 0.18 m) = 2.26x10^7 Pa = 226.6 bar

c)

From Clapeyron´s expression we need to clear ΔT:

ΔT = ((Pf-Pi)*ΔV*Ti)/ΔHf = ((2.26x10^7 - 6.89x10^7)*1.5x10^-6*273.15)/6010 = -3.16 K

you can evaluate the new melting point of ice:

T = Ti + ΔT = 273.15 K - 3.16 K = 269.99 K

You might be interested in
Tracy observes an organism that lives in a lake by her house. The organism has an internal skeleton, scales, fins, and gills. Th
andrey2020 [161]
I'd say B. Its most likely a fish.
8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
10. The density of aluminum is 2.7 g/cm². A 27g piece of aluminum will have<br> what volume?
kotegsom [21]
27g x 1cm^2/2.7g = answer in cm^2
Grams cancel out
3 0
3 years ago
Calculate the lattice energy for NaF (s) given the following
san4es73 [151]

Answer: E

Explanation:

The lattice energy is the energy change when one mole of a crystal is formed from its components ions in its gaseous sate

Therefore lattice energy = heat of Sublimation+ ionization energy +electron affinity-(heat of formation)

Therefore lattice Energy =     109 +495 -328 +570.

Lattice energy = --923kjmol-1

3 0
3 years ago
How would I find the number of protons, neutrons and electrons when I only have the atomic number and atom (assignment says assu
coldgirl [10]

Explanation:

Atomic number , protons and electrons have the same value / their value is same .

But for the neutron there is no specific technique. You have to remember the neutrons of every element

8 0
2 years ago
How many molecules is 0.360 mole of water?
Nikitich [7]

Answer: 2.17 x 10^23 molecules

Explanation:

1mole of H2O contains 6.02x10^23 molecules.

Therefore 0.360mole of H2O will contain = 0.36 x 6.02x10^23 = 2.17 x 10^23 molecules

4 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • The reaction between potassium chlorate and red phosphorus takes place when you strike a match on a matchbox. if you were to rea
    5·1 answer
  • Suppose you start with 1.80 g of mgco3·5h2o, after complete dehydration how many grams of the sample do you have remaining?
    9·1 answer
  • Several students want to conduct a descriptive investigation on igneous rocks. Which process is most likely to be part of their
    14·1 answer
  • What is the older name for lanthanides and actinides?
    13·1 answer
  • A change in which property of light will have no effect on whether or not the photoelectric effect occurs
    7·2 answers
  • In the reaction 4Al+_O2→2Al2O3 , what coefficient should be placed in front of the o2 to balance the reaction?​
    12·2 answers
  • Explain how venus rotation is different from earths
    7·2 answers
  • A mixture of 4 moles of CO2 and 10 moles of H2O are allowed to reach equilibrium in a 10. L container. What are the concentratio
    9·1 answer
  • Acid, Base, or Saft?
    10·1 answer
  • The specific heat capacity of liquid ethanol is 2.42 J/gºC.
    6·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!