All categories

3 years ago

Which isotope is used to date ancient artifacts such as fossils?

Chemistry

1 answer:

RideAnS [48]3 years ago

6 0

Scientists use carbon-14 to date ancient fossils.

Plants and animals absorb carbon-14 produced by cosmic rays. The ratio of C-14 to C-12 is constant when they are alive.

When they die, the C-14 decays to C-12, and the ratio changes.

Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 years. Thus, the object loses half its C-14 every 5730 years.

Scientists can use the C-14 to C-12 ratio to date fossils up to 70 000 years old.

You might be interested in

Calculate the initial rate for the formation of C at 25 ∘C, if [A]=0.50M and [B]=0.075M.Express your answer to two significant f

N76 [4]

The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:

Calculate the initial rate for the formation of C at 25°C, if [A]=0.50 M and [B]=0.075 M. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.Consider the reaction

A + 2B ⇔ C

whose rate at 25°C was measured using three different sets of initial concentrations as listed in the following table:

The table is attached below as an image.

Answer: The initial rate for the formation of C at 25°C is $2.25\times 10^{-2}Ms^{-1}$

Explanation:

Rate law is defined as the expression which expresses the rate of the reaction in terms of molar concentration of the reactants with each term raised to the power their stoichiometric coefficient of that reactant in the balanced chemical equation.

For the given chemical equation:

$A+2B\rightleftharpoons C$

Rate law expression for the reaction:

$\text{Rate}=k[A]^a[B]^b$

where,

a = order with respect to A

b = order with respect to B

Expression for rate law for first trial:

$5.4\times 10^{-3}=k(0.30)^a(0.050)^b$ ....(1)

Expression for rate law for second trial:

$1.1\times 10^{-2}=k(0.30)^a(0.100)^b$ ....(2)

Expression for rate law for third trial:

$2.2\times 10^{-2}=k(0.50)^a(0.050)^b$ ....(3)

Dividing 2 by 1, we get:

$\frac{1.1\times 10^{-2}}{5.4\times 10^{-3}}=\frac{(0.30)^a(1.00)^b}{(0.30)^a(0.050)^b}\\\\2=2^b\\b=1$

Dividing 3 by 1, we get:

$\frac{2.2\times 10^{-2}}{5.4\times 10^{-3}}=\frac{(0.50)^a(0.050)^b}{(0.30)^a(0.050)^b}\\\\4.07=2^a\\a=2$

Thus, the rate law becomes:

$\text{Rate}=k[A]^2[B]^1$ ......(4)

Now, calculating the value of 'k' by using any expression.

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$5.4\times 10^{-3}=k[0.30]^2[0.050]^1\\\\k=1.2M^{-2}s^{-1}$

Calculating the initial rate of formation of C by using equation 4, we get:

$k=1.2M^{-2}s^{-1}$

[A] = 0.50 M

[B] = 0.075 M

Putting values in equation 4, we get:

$\text{Rate}=1.2\times (0.50)^2\times (0.075)^1\\\\\text{Rate}=2.25\times 10^{-2}Ms^{-1}$

Hence, the initial rate for the formation of C at 25°C is $2.25\times 10^{-2}Ms^{-1}$

8 0

3 years ago

What is a centrifuge used for?

tatiyna

It is used for the separation of fluids, gas or liquid, based on density.

Hope this helps!

5 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

When substances are evenly spread throughout a mixture, it is called ____________________?

harina [27]

The answer is _Dissolving_.

Hope tis helps

5 0

2 years ago

Which of the following traits are inherited from parents when the genetic material found in genes is passed to offspring on the

Advocard [28]

I believe it is B. I’m sorry if i’m wrong. Tell me if i’m wrong or right!

7 0

2 years ago

Helpppppppppppppppppp

lara [203]

Pb + Mg(NO₃)₂ → Pb(NO₃)₂ + Mg
This reaction would NOT occur because Pb is less reactive than Mg and as such Pb cannot displace the Mg in order for the reaction to occur under normal conditions.

Mg + Fe(NO₃)₂ → Fe + Mg(NO₃)₂
This reaction would occur. This is because Mg is more reactive than Fe and as such can displace it in the reaction, thus allowing the reaction to occur under normal conditions.

Cu + Mg(NO₃)₂ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + Mg
This reaction would NOT occur. Mg is more reactive than Cu, and as such copper cannot displace magnesium in order for the reaction to occur under normal conditions.

3 0

3 years ago