Answer:
An artificial cell or minimal cell is an engineered particle that mimics one or many functions of a biological cell.
Explanation:
It allows them to study and analyze the species.
Answer: Option II. inhibited by adenylylation.
Option III. activated by uridylylation of the PII subunit of adenylyltransferase.
Explanation:
Glutamine syntherase is an enzyme that is found in the mitochondria. Glutamine syntherase acts as a catalyst in the reaction that produces glutamine from glutamate and ammonia.
Answer:
Increased fitness of large-beaked birds, leading to natural selection
(Why: Birds with larger beaks are better able to survive in the new enviornment)
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