Mary walked north from her home to Sheila's home, which is 4.0 kilometers away. Then she turned right and walked another 3.0 kil
ometers to the supermarket, which is 5.0 kilometers from her own home. She walked the total distance in 1.5 hours. What were her average speed and average velocity?
The answer is speed: 4.7 km/h, velocity: 3.3 km/h.
Distances and time are given: d1 = 4 km d2 = 3 km d3 = 5 km t = 1.5 h
The speed can be expressed as a distance (d) divided by time (t). The average speed (s) is total distance travelled divided by time: s = (d1 + d2)/t = (4+3)/1.5 = 7/1.5 = 4.7 km/h
The average velocity (v) is total displacement (d₁) from the starting point divided by time. Since Mary's starting point was home, and she walked to the supermarket, which is 5.0 kilometers from her own home, her displacement is 5 km: v = d₁/t = 5/1.5 = 3.3 km/h
