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lawyer [7]
3 years ago
9

What are the period and group trends in electronegativities

Chemistry
1 answer:
Leviafan [203]3 years ago
8 0

Electronegativity of an element decreases as we move down a group on the periodic table and electronegativity increases while moving from left to right across a period on the periodic table.

Explanation:

  • The electronegativity increases as we move from left to right across a period because from left to right across a period, the nuclear charge is increasing Hence the attraction for the valence electrons also increases.
  • As we move down a group, the atoms of each element have an increasing number of energy levels. The distance between the nucleus and valence electron shell increases and reduces the attraction for valence electrons. Hence electronegativity decreases as we move from top to bottom down a group.
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Consider the following reaction: CO(g)+2H2(g)⇌CH3OH(g) This reaction is carried out at a different temperature with initial conc
Anni [7]

Answer:

Ka = 4.76108

Explanation:

  • CO(g) + 2H2(g) ↔ CH3OH(g)

∴ Keq = [CH3OH(g)] / [H2(g)]²[CO(g)]

                      [ ]initial         change         [ ]eq

CO(g)              0.27 M       0.27 - x        0.27 - x

H2(g)              0.49 M       0.49 - x        0.49 - x

CH3OH(g)          0                0 + x               x = 0.11 M

replacing in Ka:

⇒ Ka = ( x ) / (0.49 - x)²(0.27 - x)

⇒ Ka = (0.11) / (0.49 - 0.11)² (0.27 - 0.11)

⇒ Ka = (0.11) / (0.38)²(0.16)

⇒ Ka = 4.76108

7 0
3 years ago
Zn + 2 HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2 How many moles of hydrochloric acid (HCl) are used (assume a complete reaction) if 8.3 moles of zin
uysha [10]

Answer:

E. 16.6 mol HCl

Explanation:

The equation for the reaction is;

Zn + 2 HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2

From the reaction 2 moles of HCl produces 1 mole of ZnCl2

Therefore; 8.3 moles of ZnCl2 will be produced by;

  = 8.3 moles ×2

  = 16.6 Moles of HCl

  Therefore;  E.  16.6 mol HCl

4 0
4 years ago
You wish to prepare a buffer consisting of acetic acid and sodium acetate with a total acetic acetate plus acetate concentration
vovangra [49]

<u>Ans: Acetic acid = 90.3 mM and Sodium acetate = 160 mM</u>

Given:

Acetic Acid/Sodium Acetate buffer of pH = 5.0

Let HA = acetic acid

A- = sodium acetate

Total concentration [HA] + [A-] = 250 mM ------(1)

pKa(acetic acid) = 4.75

Based on Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

pH = pKa + log[A-]/[HA]

[A-]/[HA] = 10^(pH-pKa) = 10^(5-4.75) = 10^0.25 = 1.77

[A-] = 1.77[HA] -----(2)

From (1) and (2)

[HA] + 1.77[HA] = 250 mM

[HA] = 250/2.77 = 90.25 mM

[A-] = 1.77(90.25) = 159.74 mM



7 0
3 years ago
Draw the major organic product(s) for the reaction. The starting material is a benzene ring with one substituent. The substituen
Mice21 [21]

Answer:

See Explanation

Explanation:

In electrophilic aromatic substitution, the benzene ring undergoes substitution when it is reacted with suitable electrophiles.

The products of electrophilic aromatic substitution depends on the substituents already present on the benzene ring. Some substituents activate the ring towards electrophilic substitution and direct the incoming electrophile to the ortho and para positions on the ring while some substituents deactivate the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution and direct the incoming electrophlle to the meta position on the ring.

The amide substituent is moderately activating and is an ortho, para director hence the products shown in the mage attached to this answer.

3 0
3 years ago
How fast is the speed of light?
Tpy6a [65]

The speed of light is 299,792,458 meters per second in vacuum.
It's somewhat slower in any material substance, and different in
each substance.

(That's 186,282.4  miles per second.)


7 0
3 years ago
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