I’m assuming the top ruler has more measurement points, like more specific numbers. This would mean the top ruler is more reliable because you can be more specific with your measurements
Answer:
<em>C. The electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms pull electron density from the oxygen in trifluoroacetate. The negative charge is more stabilized in trifluoroacetate by this effect.</em>
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Explanation:
<em>The structures of trifluoroacetate and acetic acid are both shown in the image attached.</em>
<em>The trifluoroacetate anion (CF3CO2-), just like the acetate anion has in the middle, two oxygen atoms.</em>
<em>However, in the trifluoroacetate anion, there are also three electronegative fluorine atoms attached to the nearby carbon atom attached to the carbonyl, and these pull some electron density through the sigma bonding network away from the oxygen atoms, thereby spreading out the negative charge further. This effect, called the "inductive effect" stabilizes the anion formed,the trifouoroacetate anion is thus more stabilized than the acetate anion.</em>
<em>Hence, trifluoroacetic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid, having a pKa of -0.18.</em>
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<u><em>Hope this helps!</em></u>
<u><em>Please mark brainliest!</em></u>
Some chemical changes can be reactive through another chemical change?
diatomic hydrogen is written as H2 (2.02 grams H2) <------- if each hydrogen atom is 1.01 grams, then two hydrogen atoms are 2.02 grams 2.0 moles H2 X 2.02 grams H2 ------------- (divide to cancel moles) = 4.04 grams/mole H2 ÷ one mole = 4.04 grams H2
<span>These values also increase from the
bottom to the top of a group because the size of the atom decreases, resulting
in a smaller distance between the nucleus and the valence electron shell, which
increases the attraction between the protons and electrons.</span>