B- lack of control.
the scientists did not have a proper control group.
Answer: A and B
Explanation:
Electromagnetic radiations are examples of electromagnetic waves with increasing frequency and decreasing wavelength in the following order radiowaves - infrared waves - visible lights - ultraviolet rays- x-rays - gamma rays.
They did not require material medium for their propagation.
The statement above shows that EM radiations possesses different wavelengths and frequency.
The lowest possible temperature is absolute zero. However scientists have not reached this temperature, rather they have come very close to absolute zero.
Answer:
The electric field is
and the ditection is from outer to inner side of the membrane.
Explanation:
We know the electric field (
) is given by
, 'V' being the potential.
In 1-D, it can be written as

where 'd' is the separation of space in between the potential difference is created.
Given,
and the thickness of the cell membrane is
.
Therefore the created electric field through the cell membrane is

To solve this problem we will use the concepts related to Torque as a function of the Force in proportion to the radius to which it is applied. In turn, we will use the concepts of energy expressed as Work, and which is described as the Torque's rate of change in proportion to angular displacement:

Where,
F = Force
r = Radius
Replacing we have that,



The moment of inertia is given by 2.5kg of the weight in hand by the distance squared to the joint of the body of 24 cm, therefore


Finally, angular acceleration is a result of the expression of torque by inertia, therefore



PART B)
The work done is equivalent to the torque applied by the distance traveled by 60 °° in radians
, therefore


