Answer:
attached below
Explanation:
write the chemical equations for the test and confirmation test
i.e.
i)Chemical equation for main copper test
ii)Chemical equation for copper confirmation test
iii)Chemical equation for main bismuth test
iv) Chemical equation for bismuth confirmation test
attached below are the chemical equations for the test and confirmation test
Answer: Option (c) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
It is given that the scientist is claiming that all the spontaneous reactions are exothermic in nature.
And, it is known that when a reaction is spontaneous in nature then is negative.
Now, the relation between Gibb's free energy, enthalpy and entropy is as follows.
=
So, when a catalyst is present in a chemical reaction then we do not need to give large amount of heat from outside. And, because of this the enthalpy of reaction will not be highly positive.
Hence, the value of will result in a negative value which means the reaction is spontaneous.
Thus, we can conclude that an endothermic reaction that only proceeds when a catalytst is present, would provide the strongest challenge to their claim.