Answer:
What is the composition of air?
Explanation:
Answer:
For a spontaneous reaction to occur there must be work done to the system. This may be agitation with heat or by mixing the sample. Another way is by the system not being in an equilibrium state, it will react until it reaches equilibrium.
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B. static friction occurs.
Explanation:
When a body is pushed and it does not move, static friction has occurred.
Static friction is a type of friction that keeps a body at rest. It must be overcome before a body at rest can start moving.
- An object in motion experiences a sliding friction.
- Friction is generally defined as the resistance to motion of a body.
- In fluids, it is generally experienced as the viscosity.
- Static friction is the strongest of all the friction.
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Answer:
El Niño is associated with death and disease, most of which result from weather-related disasters such as floods and droughts. In 1997 Central Ecuador and Peru suffered rainfall more than 10 times normal, which caused flooding, extensive erosion and mudslides with loss of lives, destruction of homes and food supplies.
Answer:
Explanation:
Concepts and reason
This problem is based on the concept of hydrolysis of esters.
An ester is hydrolyzed to a carboxylic acid and an alcohol when treated with aqueous acid or aqueous base. Under alkaline conditions, the carboxylic acid is obtained in the form as its salt.
Fundamentals
Alkaline hydrolysis of ester is done with strong base {\\rm{NaOH}}NaOHand {\\rm{O}}{{\\rm{H}}^ - }OH\u2212acts as nucleophilic reagent. This reaction is reversible, since carboxylate anion has tendency to react with an alcohol and gives back ester.
Step-by-step
Step 1 of 2
Attack of [{ m{O}}{{ m{H}}^ - }]on carbonyl take place as follows resulting formation of tetrahedral intermediate:
\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043d
Explanation | Hint for next step
The {\\rm{O}}{{\\rm{H}}^ - }OH\u2212nucleophile attacks on the electrophilic carbon of an ester {\\rm{C}} = {\\rm{O}}C=O and forms tetrahedral intermediate after breaking the \\pi\u03c0-bond.
Step 2 of 2
Hydrolysis of product formed from step 1 followed by reaction with {\\rm{NaOH}}NaOHis as follows:
The products of the reaction are:
Explanation | Common mistakes
On the reaction of octyl acetate with aqueous sodium hydroxide, the products octyl alcohol and acetate ion are formed after omitting the {\\rm{N}}{{\\rm{a}}^ + }Na+ions.