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Anton [14]
3 years ago
15

which idea did john dalton include in his atomic theory? a. all atoms are the same size. b. atoms of the same element are identi

cal. c. each atom has a dense, positive nucleus. d. atoms can gain or lose electrons to become ions.
Chemistry
1 answer:
lapo4ka [179]3 years ago
5 0
It might be c, because he came up with the plum pudding model.  or it might be that atoms of the same element are identical, but that's not true cuz ions are different and isotopes are different.
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50cm3 of 1 mol/dm3 HCl at 30°C was mixed with 50cm3 of 1mol/dm3 NaOH at 30°C in a styrofoam calorimeter. The temperature of the
trapecia [35]

Answer:

-21 kJ·mol⁻¹  

Explanation:

Data:

                    H₃O⁺ +  OH⁻ ⟶ 2H₂O

       V/mL:    50         50  

c/mol·dm⁻³:   1.0         1.0

     

ΔT = 4.5 °C  

       C = 4.184 J·°C⁻¹g⁻¹

C_cal = 50 J·°C⁻¹

Calculations:

(a) Moles of acid

\text{Moles of acid} = \text{0.050 dm}^{3} \times \dfrac{\text{1.0 mol}}{\text{1 dm}^{3}} = \text{0.050 mol}\\\\\text{Moles of base} = \text{0.050 dm}^{3} \times \dfrac{\text{1.0 mol}}{\text{1 dm}^{3}} = \text{0.050 mol}

So, we have 0.050 mol of reaction

(b) Volume of solution

V = 50 dm³ + 50 dm³ = 100 dm³

(c) Mass of solution

\text{Mass of solution} = \text{100 dm}^{3} \times \dfrac{\text{1.00 g}}{\text{1 dm}^{3}} = \text{100 g}

(d) Calorimetry

There are three energy flows in this reaction.

q₁ = heat from reaction

q₂ = heat to warm the water

q₃ = heat to warm the calorimeter

q₁ + q₂ + q₃ = 0

     nΔH   +         mCΔT       + C_calΔT = 0

0.050ΔH + 100×4.184×4.5 +   50×4.5  = 0

0.050ΔH +          1883        +      225    = 0

                                  0.050ΔH + 2108 = 0

                                              0.050ΔH = -2108

                                                        ΔH = -2108/0.0500

                                                              = -42 000 J/mol

                                                              = -42 kJ/mol

This is the heat of reaction for the formation of 2 mol of water

The heat of reaction for the formation of mol of water is -21 kJ·mol⁻¹.

5 0
3 years ago
When sodium chloride reacts with iron it forms sodium and iron (ll) Chloride. Write down the balanced equation and classify it \
BartSMP [9]

Answer:

NaCl + Fe2+  ---> FeCl2 + Na+

Single replacement

Explanation:

Na is replaced by Fe2+ to form FeCl2, and that is the only replacement. Thus, it is single replacement.

7 0
3 years ago
What is the hybridization of the nitrogen atom in ammonia?
dybincka [34]

The nitrogen atom in NH3 is sp3 hybridized. ... In NH3 molecule, three of the sp3 orbitals are used to formbonds to the three hydrogen atoms and the fourth sp3 orbital is used to hold the lone pair. and is sometimes called a non-bonding pair.

6 0
3 years ago
15 points!!!
Aleks [24]
Blank 1: polar
The difference in electronegativity between N and H causes electrons to preferentially orbit N, making the bond polar.

Blank 2: trigonal pyramidal
There are four “things” attached to N - 3 H’s and 1 lone pair of electrons. The four things together are arranged into a tetrahedral formation. However, the lone pairs don’t actually contribute to the shape of the molecule per se; it’s only the actual atoms that do. The lone pair creates a bit of repulsion that pushes the 3 H’s down, creating a trigonal pyramidal shape (as opposed to a trigonal planar one).

Blank 3: polar
The molecule as a whole is also polar because the “things” around it, though arranged in a tetrahedral pattern, are not all the same. The side of the molecule with the lone pair is slightly negative, while the side with the 3 H’s is slightly positive due to the differences in electronegativity described above.
8 0
3 years ago
What is the molarity of the solution produced when 8.0g NaOH is dissolved in sufficient water to prepare 500.mL of solution?
Sindrei [870]

Answer:

Molarity = 0.4M

Explanation:

Molar mass of NaOH (M)= 40

m= 8g, V= 500ml=0.5L

n= m/M=[8/40]= 0.2mol

Applying

n= CV

0.2= C×0.5

C= 0.4M

8 0
3 years ago
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