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muminat
3 years ago
15

Consider the balanced equation. 2HCl + Mg MgCl2 + H2 If 40.0 g of HCl react with an excess of magnesium metal, what is the theor

etical yield of hydrogen?
Chemistry
2 answers:
Romashka-Z-Leto [24]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

1.11

Explanation:

cuz i got it right

Serga [27]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Theoretical yield of hydrogen is 1.11 g

Explanation:

Balanced equation, Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_{2}+H_{2}

As Mg remain present in excess therefore HCl is the limiting reagent.

According to balanced equation, 2 moles of HCl produce 1 mol of H_{2}.

Molar mass of HCl = 36.46 g/mol

So, 40.0 g of HCl = \frac{40.0}{36.46}moles of HCl = 1.10 moles of HCl

Hence, theoretically, number of moles of H_{2} are produced from 1.10 moles of HCl = (\frac{1}{2}\times 1.10)moles=0.550moles

Molar mass of H_{2} = 2.016 g/mol

So, theoretical yield of H_{2} = (0.550\times 2.016)g=1.11g

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A 25.0 mL solution of 0.100 M CH3COOH is titrated with a 0.200 M KOH solution. Calculate the pH after the following additions of
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Answer:

a) pH = 2.88

b) pH = 4.598

c) pH = 5.503

d) pH = 8.788

e) pH = 12.097

Explanation:

  • CH3COOH ↔ CH3COO-  +  H3O+

∴ Ka = 1.75 E-5 = [H3O+]*[CH3COO-] / [CH3COOH]

a) 0.0 mL KOH:

mass balance:

⇒ <em>C</em> CH3COOH = [CH3COOH] + [CH3COO-] = 0.100 M

charge balance:

⇒ [H3O+] = [CH3COO-]

⇒ 1.75 E-5 = [H3O+]²/(0.100 - [H3O+])

⇒ [H3O+]² + 1.75 E-5[H3O+] - 1.75 E-6 = 0

⇒ [H3O+] = 1.314 E.3 M

∴ pH = - Log [H3O+]

⇒ pH = 2.88

b) 5.0 mL KOH:

  • CH3COOH + KOH ↔ CH3COONa + H2O

∴ <em>C </em>CH3COOH = ((0.025)(0.100) - (5 E-3)(0.200))/(0.025+5 E-3)

⇒ <em>C</em> CH3COOH = 0.05 M

∴ <em>C</em> KOH = ((5 E-3)(0,200))/(0.025+5 E-3) = 0.033 M

mass balance:

⇒ <em>C</em> CH3COOH + <em>C</em> KOH = [CH3COOH] + [CH3COO-] = 0.05 + 0.033 = 0.083 M

charge balance:

⇒ [H3O+] + [K+] = [CH3COO-]

⇒ [CH3COO-] = [H3O+] + 0.033

⇒ 1.75 E-5 = ([H3O+]*([H3O+] + 0.033))/(0.083 - ([H3O+] + 0.033))

⇒ 1.75 E-3 = ([H3O+]² + 0.033[H3O+])/(0.05 - [H3O+])

⇒ 8.75 E-7 - 1.75 E-5[H3O+] = [H3O+]² + 0.033[H3O+]

⇒ [H3O+]² +0.03302[H3O+] - 8.75 E-7 = 0

⇒ [H3O+] = 2.523 E-5 M

⇒ pH = 4.598

equivalent point:

  • (<em>C</em>*V)acid = (<em>C</em>*V)base

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⇒ [H3O+] = 3.1386 E-6 M

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at the equivalence point, there is complete salt formation, then the pH is calculated through the salt:

  • CH3COO- + H2O ↔ CH3COOH - OH-

∴ Kw/Ka = 1 E-14/1.75 E-5 = 5.714 E-10 = [CH3COOH]*[OH-]/[CH3COO-]

∴ [CH3COO-] = (0.025)(0.100))/(0.025+0.0125) = 0.066 M

mass balance:

⇒ 0.066 = [CH3COOH] + [CH3COO-]..........(1)

charge balance:

⇒ [K+] = [OH-] + [CH3COO-] = 0.066 M.........(2)

∴ [K+] = <em>C</em> CH3COO- = 0.066 M

(1) = (2):

⇒ [OH-] = [CH3COOH].......(3)

⇒ 5.714 E-10 = [OH-]² / (0.066 - [OH-])

⇒ [OH-]² + 5.714 E-10[OH-] - 3.7712 E-11 = 0

⇒ [OH-] = 6.1408 e-6 m

⇒ pOH = 5.212

⇒ pH = 14 - pOH = 8.788

d) 15.0 mL KOH:

after the equivalence point there is salt and excess base (OH-); ph is calculated from excess base:

⇒ <em>C</em> KOH = ((0.015)(0.200) - (0.025)(0.100)) / (0.025 + 0.015) = 0.0125 M

⇒ [OH-] ≅ <em>C</em> KOH = 0.0125 M

⇒ pOH = 1.903

⇒ pH = 12.097

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