Mrs. Collora teaches social studies to junior high school students. Two boys in her class often loudly make jokes about the mate
rial being discussed. She has tried several techniques without success: (1) ignoring them; (2) encouraging and rewarding them for contributing to the class discussion; (3) removing their opportunities to participate in field trips; and (4) requiring them each to write an essay on proper behavior. In the order presented, list the operant conditioning principles she has applied to the situation.
Extinction in Operant conditioning is the removal of a stimulus that was reinforcing a response. Mrs. Collora decided to ignore the two boys and in effect try to stop reinforcing the boys' behavior by refusing to engage with them hoping that they would stop.
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT
This is a situation where stimuli is ADDED to situations to encourage a certain behavior. By offering the boys encouragement and rewards for participation, Mrs. Collora is positively reinforcing them.
NEGATIVE PUNISHMENT
This is a situation where a stimulus is removed to reduce/deter a behavior. Mrs. Collora REMOVED the boys' opportunities to participate in field trips.
POSITIVE PUNISHMENT
In this situation, a stimulus that is not liked or desirable is added to reduce a behavior. Mrs. Collora made the boys write essays on proper behavior which is not a desirable thing to most High Schoolers.
Reciprocal helping is the act of responding to a favor in hope that one would benefit from it in the future. It is the act of doing something for others hoping that they would do the same in return.
Reciprocal helping is common trait that all individuals and organizations exhibits.
Doing a favor to Gandalf since I would be needing his help studying for physics exam is an act of reciprocal helping. It will help me to benefit myself positively when I do him a favor.
