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Korvikt [17]
3 years ago
13

What is a business cycle? a period of economic growth followed by economic contraction the amount of time it takes a business to

produce its products a dangerous time for all businesses a period of increased economic growth
Engineering
2 answers:
Rzqust [24]3 years ago
7 0

Business cycle and its growth followed by economic contraction the amount of time it takes a business to produce products in the following way.

Explanation:

The business cycle is the periodic but irregular up-and-down movement in economic activity, measured by fluctuations in real gross domestic product (GDP) and other macroeconomic variables.

A business cycle is typically characterized by four phases—recession, recovery, growth, and decline—that repeat themselves over time.

Economists note, however, that complete business cycles vary in length. The duration of business cycles can be anywhere from about two to twelve years, with most cycles averaging six years in length.

FACTORS THAT SHAPE BUSINESS CYCLES

Volatility of Investment Spending

  • Variations in investment spending is one of the important factors in business cycles. Investment spending is considered the most volatile component of the aggregate or total demand (it varies much more from year to year than the largest component of the aggregate demand, the consumption spending), and empirical studies by economists have revealed that the volatility of the investment component is an important factor in explaining business cycles in the United States.

Momentum

Technological Innovations

Variations in Inventories

Fluctuations in Government Spending

Politically Generated Business Cycles

Monetary Policies

Fluctuations in Exports and Imports

tatyana61 [14]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

The business cycle, also known as the economic cycle or trade cycle, is the downward and upward movement of gross domestic product around its long-term growth trend. The length of a business cycle is the period of time containing a single boom and contraction in sequence.

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A one-dimensional plane wall of thickness 2L=80 mm experiences uniform thermal generation of q= 1000 W/m^3 and is convectively c
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Answer:

h=1.99998\ W/m^2.C

k=33.333\ W/m.C

Explanation:

Considering the one dimensional and steady state:

From Heat Conduction equation considering the above assumption:

\frac{\partial^2T}{\partial x^2}+\frac{\dot e_{gen}}{k}=0       Eq (1)

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\dot e_{gen} is uniform thermal generation

T(x) = a(L^2-x^2)+b

\frac{\partial\ T(x)}{\partial x}=\frac{\partial\ a(L^2-x^2)+b}{\partial x}=-2ax\\\frac{\partial^2\ T(x)}{\partial x^2}=\frac{\partial^2\ -2ax}{\partial x^2}=-2a

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-2a+\frac{\dot e_{gen}}{k}=0\\ k=\frac{\dot e_{gen}}{2a}\\ k=\frac{1000}{2*15}\\ k=33.333\ W/m.C

Energy balance is given by:

Q_{convection}=Q_{conduction}

h(T_L-T_{inf})=-k(\frac{dT}{dx}) _L     Eq  (2)

T(x) = a(L^2-x^2)+b

Putting x=L

T(L) = a(L^2-L^2)+b\\T(L)=b\\T(L)=40^oC

\frac{dT}{dx}=\frac{d(a(L^2-x^2)+b}{dx}=-2ax\\Put\ x\ =\ L\\\frac{dT}{dx}=-2aL\\(\frac{dT}{dx})_L=-2*15*0.04=-1.2

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h=\frac{-k*-1.2}{(40-20)} \\h=\frac{-33.333*-1.2}{(40-20)}\\h=1.99998\ W/m^2.C

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The USAF is thinking of purchasing a improved automatic controller (no human required) at a cost of $100,000 that can make 4,000
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It would take 3225.8 hours of target detection to pay off the new controller

Explanation:

First, to find out how many hours it would take, we calculate what is the cost per contact for both options:

\mbox{cost per contact}=\frac{\mbox{cost per hour}}{\mbox{contacts per hour}} \\\\\mbox{cost per contact}_{specialist} =\frac{8 \frac{\$}{h} }{1000\frac{contacts}{hour} } =8*10^{-3} \frac{\$}{contact}\\\\\mbox{cost per contact}_{controller} =\frac{1 \frac{\$}{h} }{4000\frac{contacts}{hour} } =2.5*10^{-4} \frac{\$}{contact}

Knowing the cost per contact, we calculate savings per contact when using the controller:

Savings=\mbox{cost per contact}_{specialist}-\mbox{cost per contact}_{controller}\\Savings=8*10^{-3} \frac{\$}{contact}-2.5*10^{-4} \frac{\$}{contact}=7.75*10^{-3} \frac{\$}{contact}

Now that we know how much the automatic controller saves, we calculate how many contacts it would take to pay it off, and then, taking into account contacts per hour, how many hours:

Hours=\frac{\mbox{cost of the controller}}{\mbox{savings per contact}}*\frac{\mbox{1}}{\mbox{contacts per hour}}  \\\\Hours=\frac{\$100000}{7.75*10^{-3} \frac{\$}{contact}} *\frac{\mbox{1}}{4000\frac{contacts}{hour} }}=3225,8 \mbox{ hours}

That means, without taking into account veteran benefits (that raise the cost of the USAF specialist), it would take around 134 days of target detection to pay off the new controller.

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