Explanation:
The species with a positive charge over it, which means lack of electrons are called cations. Whereas the species with negative over it, meaning it has an excess of electrons with it are called anions.
From the list given the cations are
H+, Ba2+, Hg2+, Li+, Ca2+ and Fe2+
Whereas anions from the list are
O-2, Br-5, F-, S-2.
A Combination of cation and anions make an ionic compound in which cation is written first and then anion.
Answer:
Here's what I get
Explanation:
(a) Intermediates
The three structures below represent one contributor to the resonance-stabilized intermediate, in which the lone pair electrons on the heteroatom are participating (the + charge on the heteroatoms do not show up very well).
(b) Relative Stabilities
The relative stabilities decrease in the order shown.
N is more basic than O, so NH₂ is the best electron donating group (EDG) and will best stabilize the positive charge in the ring. However, the lone pair electrons on the N in acetanilide are also involved in resonance with the carbonyl group, so they are not as available for stabilization of the ring.
(c) Relative reactivities
The relative reactivities would be
C₆H₅-NH₂ > C₆H₅-OCH₃ > C₆H₅-NHCOCH₃
Acting as a reference point for detecting motion