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Brums [2.3K]
3 years ago
15

A solid cylinder is released from the top of an inclined plane of height 0.81 m. From what height, in meters, on the incline sho

uld a solid sphere of the same mass and radius be released to have the same speed as the cylinder at the bottom of the hill?
Physics
1 answer:
Jlenok [28]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

same 0.81m

Explanation:

in this problem if we assume there no resistance of any sort. and we apply the energy conservation

change in Potential energy = change in kinetic energy

mgh = 0.5mv^2

gh = 0.5v^2

the above relation suggests that the speed at the bottom is only depending on the height it is released from not on the shape, mass or radius.

so at the bottom

put h = 0.81m

9.81 * 0.81 * 2 = v^2

v=3.99 m/s

both CYLINDER and SPHERE will have same velocity at the bottom if released from the same height irrespective of shape and size

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Firemen are shooting a stream of water at a burning building. A high-pressure hose shoots out the water with a speed of 26.0 m/s
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Answer:

a) θ = 58.3º

b) vfh = 13.7 m/s

c) g = -9.8 m/s2

d) h = 22.2 m

e) vfb = 15.5 m/s

Explanation:

a)

  • Assuming that gravity is the only influence that causes an acceleration to the water, due to it is always downward, since both directions are independent each other, in the horizontal direction, the water moves at a constant speed.
  • Since the velocity vector has a magnitude of 26.0 m/s, we can find its horizontal component as follows:
  • vₓ₀ = v * cos θ (1)
  • where θ is the angle between the water and the horizontal axis (which we define as the x-axis, being positive to the right).
  • Applying the definition of average velocity, taking the end of the hose like the origin, and making t₀ = 0, we can write the following expression:

        x_{f} = v_{ox} * t = v_{o} * cos \theta * t  (2)

  • Replacing by the givens of xf = 41.0m, t = 3.00 s, and v=26.0 m/s, we can solve for the angle of elevation θ, as follows:

        cos \theta = \frac{x_{f} }{v*t} = \frac{41.0m}{26.0m/s*3.00s} = 0.526 (3)

  • ⇒θ = cos⁻¹ (0.526) = 58.3º (4)

b)

  • At the highest point in its trajectory, just before starting to fall, the vertical component of the velocity is just zero.
  • Since the horizontal component keeps constant during all the journey, we can conclude that the speed at this point is just v₀ₓ, that we can find easily from (1) replacing by the values of v and cos θ, as follows:
  • vₓ₀ = v * cos θ = 26.0 m/s * 0.526 = 13.7 m/s. (5)

c)

  • At any point in the trajectory, the only acceleration present is due to the action of gravity, which accepted value is -9.8 m/s2 (taking the upward direction on the vertical y-axis as positive)

d)

  • Since we know the time when the water strikes the building, it will be the same for the vertical movement, so, we can use the kinematic equation for vertical displacement, as follows:

       \Delta y = v_{oy} * t - \frac{1}{2} *g*t^{2} (6)

  • Our only unknown remains v₀y, which can be obtained in the same way than the horizontal component:
  • v₀y = v * sin θ = 26.0 m/s * 0.85 = 22.1 m/s (7)
  • Replacing (7) in (6), we get:

       \Delta y = 22.1 m/s* 3.0s - \frac{1}{2} *9.8m/s2*(3.00s)^{2} = 22.2 m (8)

e)

  • When the water hits the building the velocity vector, has two components, the horizontal vₓ and the vertical vy.
  • The horizontal component, since it keeps constant, is just v₀x:
  • v₀ₓ = 13.7 m/s
  • The vertical component can be found applying the definition of acceleration (g in this case), solving for the final velocity, as follows:

       v_{fy} = v_{oy} - g*t  (9)

  • Replacing by the time t (a given), g, and  v₀y from (7), we can solve (9) as follows:

       v_{fy} = 22.1 m/s - 9.8m/s2*3.00s = -7.3 m/s  (10)

  • Since we know the values of both components (perpendicular each other), we can find the magnitude of the velocity vector (the speed, i.e. how fast is it moving), applying the Pythagorean Theorem to v₀ₓ and v₀y, as follows:

       v_{f} = \sqrt{(13.7m/s)^{2} +(-7.3m/s)^{2}} = 15.5 m/s (11)

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In a scale model of the Solar System, if the Sun is represented by a ball with a diameter of about 8 inches, about how large wou
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Answer:

size of popcorn seed may meet the scaled earth size of x = 0.07312 in.  

Explanation:

Given:-

- The diameter of actual sun, Ds = 1.3927 * 10^6 km

- The diameter of model sun ball, ds = 8 in

- The diameter of the actual earth, De = 12,742 km

Find:-

How large would be the earth model

Solution:-

- We can use the actual diameters of the earth and sun to develop the ratio of earth diameter to that of sun. The direct ratio can be used to model the diameter of earth for the scale model

                                          Sun                   Earth

                     Actual :     1392700 km     12,742 km

                      Scale :           8 in                    x

- Use direct relations and solve for x:

                               x = (8 in)*(12,742 km ) / ( 1392700 km )

                              x = 0.07312 in.

- From the given options apple, grapefruit and marble diameters are larger than 1 inch. So only the size of popcorn seed may meet the scaled earth size of x = 0.07312 in.  

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Answer:

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Explanation:

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we know that v =\lambda d

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