Answer:
electron-electron repulsion
Explanation:
When electrons add into valence shell of neutral elements, the element assumes a negative oxidation state. With this, the number of electrons having (-) charges will be larger than the number of protons having positive (+) charges. As a result, the extra electrons repel one another (i.e., like charges repel) and a larger radius is the result.
In contrast, when cations are formed, electrons are removed from the valence level (oxidation) producing an element having a greater number of protons than electrons. The larger number of protons will function to attract the electron cloud with a greater force that results in a contraction of atomic radius and a smaller spherical volume than the neutral unionized element.
To visualize, see attached chart that shows atomic and ionic radii before and after ionization of the elements.
Answer:
A = 0.75 ×10² KJ.
B = 3.9 ×10³ dg
C = 0.22 × 10² μl.
Explanation:
A = 7.5 ×10⁴ j to kilo joules
7.5 ×10⁴ / 1000 = 0.75 ×10² KJ.
Joule is the smaller unit while kilo joule is the larger unit. One kilo joule equals to the thousand joule that's why we will divide the given value by 1000 in order to convert into KJ.
B = 3.9 ×10⁵ mg to decigrams.
3.9 ×10⁵ / 100 = 3.9 ×10³ dg
Decigram is larger unit while milligram is smaller unit. One decigram is equal to the 100 milligram. In order to convert the given value into decigram we have to divide the value by 100.
C = 2.21 ×10⁻⁴ dL to micorliters
2.21 ×10⁻⁴ ×10⁵ = 0.22 × 10² μl.
Deciliter is bigger unit then micro liter . One deciliter equals to the 100000 micro liters. In order to convert the dL into micro liter we have to multiply the given value with 100000.
Answer:
When the two atoms move towards each other a compound is formed by sharing electron pairs supplied by each of the atoms to enable them have the stable 8 (octet) valency electrons in their outermost shell
Explanation:
The electronic configuration of the given element can be written as follows;
1s²2s²2p⁴
The given electronic configuration is equivalent to that of oxygen, therefore, we have;
The number of electrons in the valence shell = 2 + 4 = 6 electrons
Therefore, each atom requires 2 electrons to complete its 8 (octet) electrons in the outermost shell
When the two atoms move towards each other, they react and combine to form a compound by sharing 4 electrons, 2 from each atom, such that each atom can have an extra 2 electrons in its outermost orbit in the newly formed compound and the stable octet configuration is attained by each of the atoms in the newly formed compound.
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