The student who displaced the spring by 2 cm has less potential energy than the student who displaced the spring by 4 cm, this is because potential energy (elastic) is directly proportionate to extension (displaced amount), so as the amount of displacement of the spring is higher, then the potential energy of the springs is higher and vice versa.
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The kind of gas cloud that is most likely to give birth to stars is a cold, dense gas cloud.
Stars are formed in giant molecular clouds, called "star nurseries". These are regions with molecular Hydrogen, Helium, and little amounts of other elements. These are cold and dense regions, and the gas cloud collapses, forming a protostar. The protostar gradually heats, powering nuclear reactions in its center, which increases the temperature even more and giving birth to a star.
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The most common gas in the atmosphere is nitrogen, because it is found in all living things, and as you may know, there are billions of living things here on Earth.
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The answers to question 4 d
