Explanation:
a) <em>Fixed points</em> are the temperatures at which a thermometer is calibrated. They can refer either to the actual temperatures used for calibration, or the thermometer readings at those temperatures.
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b) <em>Fundamental interval</em> is the difference between the fixed points. As with fixed points, it can refer either to the difference in actual temperature, or the difference in the corresponding thermometer readings.
Answer:
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The brightness of the lamp is proportional to the current flowing through the lamp: the larger the current, the brighter the lamp.
The current flowing through the lamp is given by Ohm's law:

where
V is the potential difference across the lamp, which is equal to the emf of the battery, and R is the resistance of the lamp.
The problem says that the battery is replaced with one with lower emf. Looking at the formula, this means that V decreases: if we want to keep the same brightness, we need to keep I constant, therefore we need to decrease R, the resistance of the lamp.
Answer:
The magnitude and direction of the resultant force are approximately 599.923 newtons and 36.405°.
Explanation:
First, we must calculate the resultant force (
), in newtons, by vectorial sum:
(1)
Second, we calculate the magnitude of the resultant force by Pythagorean Theorem:


Let suppose that direction of the resultant force is an standard angle. According to (1), the resultant force is set in the first quadrant:

Where
is the direction of the resultant force, in sexagesimal degrees.

The magnitude and direction of the resultant force are approximately 599.923 newtons and 36.405°.
Answer:
Explanation:
Assuming no friction between the roller coaster car and the hill, and neglecting air resistance, the kinetic energy the roller coaster car would have at the bottom of the hill would be equal to its gravitational potential energy at the top of the hill, by conservation of energy.