Answer:

Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
Force P=88Ib
Mass of crate M_c=210Ib
Generally the equation for Frictional force F is mathematically given by


with 

Therefore since Static Friction supersedes applied force body remains at rest.
Frictional force =88Ib (negative)

Answer:
The astronaut's mass is 16 kg.
Explanation:
Mass can be defined as a measure of the amount of matter an object or a body comprises of. The standard unit of measurement of the mass of an object or a body is kilograms.
Irrespective of the location of an object or a body at a given moment in time, the mass (amount of matter that they're made up of) is constant. This ultimately implies that, whether you're in the moon, space, earth or any other place, your mass remains the same (constant).
Therefore, if an astronaut has a mass of 16 Kg on Earth, his mass on the moon and on the space station would remain the same, as his original mass of 16 Kg because mass is indestructible.
Thermal energy is the answer
Solar Flares: C
Prominences: A
Sun Spots: D
Convection: B
Thermal energy is the total energy of all the molecules in an object. The thermal energy of an object depends on three things: 4 the number of molecules in the object 4 the temperature of the object (average molecular motion) 4 the arrangement of the object's molecules (states of matter).
Hope this helps