In physics, Hooke's law is written in equation as:
F = kx
It states that the force F exerted on the spring is directly proportional to the displacement x by a constant called spring constant k.
In the laboratory, this is done in an experiment through the apparatus shown in the attached figure. The object experimented here is the spring, and you are to find the spring constant. A known mass of object is attached below the spring. That object carries a force in the form of gravitational pull in terms of weight. When the spring stretches, the displacement is measured with the use of the ruler.
There are a number of sources of error for this experiment. First, the reading from the ruler by the reader may be inaccurate. That's why digital balances are much more reliable because it minimizes human error. Reading the measurement on the ruler is subjective especially when you don't read it on eye level. Second, the force of the object might also be inaccurate if you use an unreliable weighing scale. Lastly, the apparatus might not be properly calibrated.
Some of these frictions depend on the Pressure, temperature of atmosphere.
Static Friction: This is the friction force when two objects in contact are not moving relative to each other. This friction is higher than kinetic friction.
Kinetic or Dynamic friction: this the friction force opposing the motion of objects, when two objects in contact are in motion relative to each other. It is less than the static friction. The two surfaces are rubbing against each other as they move.
Rolling friction: This is the friction when two objects are in contact and one object is rolling over the other - like a wheel on a road. The point of contact appears as stationary. The rolling friction is very less compared to static friction & dynamic friction.
Lubricated friction: this is the friction between two solid surfaces in contact with a layer of lubricant fluid flowing in between them. This friction is the least.
Fluid friction - viscosity : this is friction between two adjacent layers that are moving relative to each other at different speeds in a fluid. This is not high.
Internal friction: when an object is compressed and forced to deform, like in a piece of rubber, there is friction between the layers, that opposes this deformation.
Skin friction is the friction that opposes movement of a fluid across a solid surface. This is also called drag. When a coin is dropped in water, there is a friction called drag on the coin. Same is the case when a ball is thrown, a drag is experienced by the ball due to the drag of air.
Answer:
As the mass of a white dwarf increases, the pressure must increase to resist gravity. To do this, the electrons must move faster.
Explanation:
A white dwarf also known as degenerate dwarf is a star or an electron degenerate matter and is as massive as the Sun but only about as large in size as planet Earth.
The maximum mass of a white dwarf is about 1.4 times the mass of the Sun.
Also, as the mass of a white dwarf increases, the pressure must increase to resist gravity and to do this, the electrons must move faster.
Answer:
f = 6.37 Hz, T = 0.157 s
Explanation:
The expression you have is
y = 5 sin (3x - 40t)
this is the equation of a traveling wave, the general form of the expression is
y = A sin (kx - wt)
where A is the amplitude of the motion, k the wave vector and w the angular velocity
Angle velocity and frequency are related
w = 2π f
f = w / 2π
from the equation w = 40 rad / s
f = 40 / 2π
f = 6.37 Hz
frequency and period are related
f = 1 / T
T = 1 / f
T = 1 / 6.37
T = 0.157 s