Yeah it uses some valuable scientific vocabulary and background knowledge, I hope this hypothesis will be good enough for your teacher (don't worry it will be)
<u>Answer:</u> The of the reaction at given temperature is -12.964 kJ/mol.
<u>Explanation:</u>
For the given chemical reaction:
The expression of for the given reaction:
We are given:
Putting values in above equation, we get:
To calculate the Gibbs free energy of the reaction, we use the equation:
where,
= Gibbs' free energy of the reaction = ?
= Standard gibbs' free energy change of the reaction = 0 J (at equilibrium)
R = Gas constant =
T = Temperature =
= equilibrium constant in terms of partial pressure =
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the of the reaction at given temperature is -12.964 kJ/mol.
The answer is: lose electrons and form positive ions.
Most metals have strong metallic bond, because of strong electrostatic attractive force between valence electrons (metals usually have low ionization energy and lose electrons easy) and positively charged metal ions.
The ionization energy (Ei) is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the valence electron, when element lose electrons, oxidation number of element grows (oxidation process).
For example, magnesium has atomic number 12, which means it has 12 protons and 12 electrons. It lost two electrons to form magnesium cation (Mg²⁺) with stable electron configuration like closest noble gas neon (Ne) with 10 electrons.
Electron configuration of magnesium ion: ₁₂Mg²⁺ 1s² 2s² 2p⁶.
For a single atom, the charge is the number of protons minus the number of electrons
Volume fraction = volume of the element / volume of the alloy
Volume = density * mass
Base: 100 grams of alloy
mass of tin = 15 grams
mass of lead = 85 grams
volume = mass / density
Volume of tin = 15g / 7.29 g/cm^3 = 2.06 cm^3
Volume of lead = 85 g / 11.27 g/cm^3 = 7.54 cm^3
Volume fraction of tin = 2.06 cm^3 / (2.06 cm^3 + 7.54 cm^3) = 0.215
Volume fraction of lead = 7.54 cm^3 / (2.06 cm^3 + 7.54 cm^3) = 0.785
As you can verify the sum of the two volume fractions equals 1: 0.215 + 0.785 = 1.000